
 IV  ⨬

 21   믮 ணࠬ  ஢
           80286  386() DX  SX
----------------------------------------------------------------

 ᭮, ணࠬ ᠭ  饭 ०
 80286  믮    
i486. ࠪ୮ ⮩ ꥪ⭮   80286,
  ᮢ⨬   i486,   ⢠.
 㬮砭  ਯ ᥣ⮢ 뢠, 
  ࠡ뢠 ᥣ ,   ⥪ 
ᥣ 業ࠫ쭮  80286  386()/i486.

 ணࠬ ᯥ祭  386 DX  SX,
 ࠪ᪨ ⮦⢥묨  i486.
設⢮ ࠧ稩 室    ॠ.

ਯ ᥣ ᯮ㥬 ஬ 80286
ন ஬ i486 ᫨ Intel(R)-१ࢭ ᫮
(襥 ᫮) ਯ 饭.   i486 
᫮ ᮤন 訥     ࠭ ᥣ.

ਯ ᥣ  ᥣ⮢ , ᥣ⮢ ,
 ⠡ ਯ஢ (   ⠡
ਯ஢ ਯ஢ ),     ஢
80286, 386  i486 . 㣨 ਯ 
80286 (ᥣ TSS,  맮,  뢠  
誨) ন ஬ i486.  i486
⠪  ਯ  ᥣ⮢ TSS,  맮,
 뢠   誨,  ন
32-ࠧ來 ⥪  i486.  ࠧ
ਯ஢  ᯮ짮   ⥬.

 ਯ஢ ᥣ⮢,   ஢ 80286
 i486, 饭  १ࢭ ᫮ 㦤 
i486 ஢  ਯ 筮 ⠪,  
  80286. ਬ:

  (Base Address) - ᥬ   
32-ࠧ來  饭,  ࠭稢 
 24 ⠬.

࠭ (Limit) -     ࠭ 饭,
 ࠭稢 祭  ࠭ 64 .

 ⠫樨 (Granularity bit) -  ⠫樨 饭
뢠,  祭 16-ࠧ來 ࠭ 
   .

让  (Big bit) -  ਯ ᥣ   
饭 뢠,   ᥣ ᮤন   64
.

 㬮砭 (Default bit) -  ਯ ᥣ 
 D 饭 뢠,   㬮砭 ਭ
16-ࠧ來   ࠭.  ਯ ᥣ
⥪ 饭  D 뢠,   ॣ ESP
㤥 ᯮ짮 ॣ SP  64 ⭠ ᨬ쭠
࠭ ᥣ.

ଠ  ਯ஢  㬥   ᯮ짮
ᮤন  "ࠢ筨  ணࠬ  
iAPX 286" (iAPX 286 Programmer's Reference Manual).


21.1   ᪠  業ࠫ쭮  80286
----------------------------------------------------------------

 ணࠬ  80286 ७   i486,
ᬠਢ  室:

1. ७   ணࠬ ⥬  80286 
    i486 ந   ன 樮
   ⥬, 稪  騪.

    ⮬ 砥   ᯮ TSS  80286.
    i486 ᯮ    
    80286.

2. ७ ࠭ ਪ ணࠬ ᯥ祭
    80286     ।  i486,
    樮 ⥬, 稪  騪
   業ࠫ쭮  i486.

    ⮬ 砥 TSS, ᯮ㥬  ।⠢ 
    80286,     TSS 業ࠫ쭮
    i486. 襭 TSS 業ࠫ쭮  80286
    i486 ,  룮 祭 ,  ஡ 祭
   . , ᫨    । ணࠬ
   ᯥ祭 業ࠫ쭮  i486  ᯮ짮
   TSS 業ࠫ쭮  i486.  室 
   ᠬ 쥪 㫨, ॠ   80286;
   SS 筮 ᮧ 樮 ⥬, 稪 
   騪.   24,  ன  ஡
   㦤 䥩  16-ࠧ來  32-ࠧ來
   .


21.2  ⫨  業ࠫ쭮  80286.
----------------------------------------------------------------

᫥ ࠧ  ࠬ  80286  i486
ࠣ 樮 ⥬  襩 ⥯ 祬
ਪ ணࠬ.


21.2.1  ᪨    24-ࠧ來 ᭮
        ࠭⢥  80286
----------------------------------------------------------------

 ᯮ짮  80286,    ᬥ饭,
ਢ  樨  । 16 , 뢠 横᪨
   ࢮ  ᭮ ࠭⢠.
᪮  i486  襥 ᭮ ࠭⢮,
⠪    17- . ᫨  ணࠬ
ᯮ 横᪨ , ॠ㥬  
80286,  ⮣  䥪     ࠧ 
࠭.  ⮣ ᫥ ⮡ࠧ  64  17-
 ᪨ ᮢ  䨧᪨   ࢮ
.


21.2.2  ࢭ ᫮ ਯ ᥣ
----------------------------------------------------------------

   i486 ᯮ ᮤঠ騥 १ࢭ ᫮
ਯ ᥣ  80286, ணࠬ  
80286,     ᫮ 祭,  ४⭮
믮   i486.


21.2.3    ⨯ ਯ ᥣ
----------------------------------------------------------------

ࠣ 樮 ⥬,  ࠢ  
 ⠡ ਯ஢,  । ᯮ㥬
室  頥 饭 祭   ࠢ-㯠
⮢ ⠡ ਯ஢. 祭 ࠢ-㯠 80H  00H
    80286, ⠪    i486.
㣨 祭, ।   80286, 
    i486, ᪮   
।  ⮢.


21.2.4   ࠭祭 ᥬ⨪ 䨪 LOCK
----------------------------------------------------------------

  80286 㭪 ஢ 設 ॠ ,
祬   i486. ணࠬ,  ᯮ
ᯥ᪨   80286  ஢ ,
   ࠡ   i486.

䨪 LOCK  ᮮ⢥騩  ᨣ 設 ᫥
ᯮ짮 ⮫쪮  ।饭 뢠 権
뫪  㣨 宧異 設. 䨪 LOCK 
ᯮ짮 ⮫쪮  ᫥묨  
i486,    . ᪫祭 ।
 樨 㤥 १⮬ ᯮ짮 䨪 LOCK
। 묨 㣨    , 塞묨
,    믮  ,  ,
(.. ࠭ 祭  ॣ ).

-  ஢ન   ⮢ BTS, BTR  BTC.
-   XCHG, XADD,  CMPXCHG (䨪 LOCK  㦥
    XCHG )
- O࠭ 䬥᪨  ᪨  INC, DEC,
  NOT, NEG.
- 宯࠭ 䬥᪨  ᪨  ADD, ADC,
  SUB, SBB, AND, OR , XOR.

 ஢ ࠭஢  ⮫쪮 
, ।  ࠭ 祭,  
஢    . ਬ, ⨯
䨣樨 ஢ 8086  80286   䨧᪮
࠭⢮ .

  80286 䨪 LOCK ⢨⥫  IOPL; ᫨ CPL
 訩 ஢ ਢ஢, 祬 IOPL,
 ᪫祭 饩 .   386 DX 
i486  ஫ ⨢ 믮 IOPL.


21.2.5   ⥫ ᪫祭
----------------------------------------------------------------

 386  i486   ᪫祭,  
⢮   ⥬, ࠧࠡ⠭  
80286.

- ᪫祭 #6 - "।  樨"

   ᪫祭   १⮬ ࠢ쭮
  ᯮ짮 䨪  LOCK.

- ᪫祭 #14 - "ᡮ ࠭"

   ᪫祭     ணࠬ  
  80286, ᫨ 樮 ⥬ ࠧ蠥 ࠭筮
  ࠧ. ࠭筮 ࠧ   ᯮ짮 
    ⥬  ஬ 80286, ᫨  
  ᯮ     ⠫ ࠭. ᪮  TSS
   80286    ࠭ PDBR ॣ,
  ४祭    80286   祭
  PDBR ॣ.  , ।   80286,
  ᫥ ᯮ짮 TSS 業ࠫ쭮  i486,
  ᪮ ⠪  ᬮ 楫 ᯮ짮 ࠭筮
  ࠧ.


21.3  ⫨  業ࠫ쭮  386 (TM).
----------------------------------------------------------------

 ﬨ ணࠬ஢ ஢ 386 DX  SX 
 i486 ࠧ稩 祭 .  i486
।    ॣ EFLAGS, CR0  CR3,  ⠪
 室  ⠡ ࠭ ࢮ  ண ஢.  386
   뫨 १ࢨ஢, ⮬ 
ᮡ ⥪  﫨  ᮢ⨬.


21.3.1   䫠
----------------------------------------------------------------

 AC (18- ⮢ ) ᮢ⭮  ⮬ AM ॣ
CR0 ஫ ஢ ࠢ.


21.3.2   ᪫祭
----------------------------------------------------------------

祭 ஢ન ࠢ (17-  ᪫祭)
ᮮ頥 뫪  ஢   ஢ ஢ન
ࠢ.


21.3.3   
----------------------------------------------------------------

   ਪ :

-   BSWAP
-   XADD
-   CMPXCHG

 ⠪   ⥬   ࠢ
襬  TLB:

-   INVD
-   WBINVD
-   INVLPG

﫠 ଠ  MOV, ᯮ㥬  㯠 
⮢ ॣࠬ.   ।  ⮢ ॣ,
  TLB 㯭 १  ⮢ ॣ.


21.3.4     ॣ ࠢ
----------------------------------------------------------------

 ॣ CR0 ।   ⮢:

- NE 
- WP 
- AM 
- NW 
- CD 

 ॣ CR3 ।   :

- PCD 
- PWT 


21.3.5     室 ⠡ ࠭
----------------------------------------------------------------

 室 ⠡ ࠭  ஫ ਧ樨 ࠭
।   :

- PCD 
- PWT 


21.3.6     ਯ ᥣ
----------------------------------------------------------------

 386   ਯ ᥣ ᥣ
뢠 ஢ ⥭    ⠭ 
㯠 ਯ.   i486 ஢ ⥭ 
 ந室 ⮫쪮  砥,     
⠭.
