
 9   ᪫祭  뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

᪫祭 (ᮡ 樨)  뢠 ।⠢ ᮡ
ਭ㤨⥫ । ࠢ   楤. 
  楤 뢠 ࠡ稪. 뢠
ந室  ந  ६ 믮 ணࠬ 
⢥  ᨣ ⭮ ᯥ祭. ᪫祭
ந室 ᫥⢨ 믮 , ਢ  ⨬
᪫祭. 筮 㦨 뢠  ᪫祭
믮 ᯮᮡ, ஧  ਪ ணࠬ.
뢠 ᯮ  ࠡ⪨ ᮡ⨩, 
譨  ⭮襭  , ⠪   
㦨 ਩ ன. ᪫祭 㦨
᫮, 㦨 ஬  ६ 믮 ,
ਬ   0.

  筨 뢠   筨 ᪫祭:

1. ਥ뢠

     - ᪨㥬 뢠, 砥  室 INTR
        i486. ᪨㥬 뢠  ந室 
        ,   㤥 ⠭ 䫠 ࠧ襭
       뢠 (IF).

     - ᪨㥬 뢠, 砥  室 NMI
       (-᪨㥬 뢠) .  
       ᯥ稢 堭 ⪫祭 ᪨㥬
       뢠.

2. ᪫祭

     - ᪫祭, 㦨 ஬.  
         ᡮ, 誠  ਩
       襭.

3. ணࠬ㥬 ᪫祭.  INTO, INT 3, INT n 
   BOUND  㦨 ணࠬ묨 ४⥫ﬨ ᪫祭.
      뢠 "ணࠬ묨 뢠ﬨ", 
    ࠡ뢠 ஬  ᪫祭.

   ᬠਢ ।⢠  i486,
騥 ࠢ  ⢥  뢠.

9.1   ᪫祭  뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 樨   ⤥ ⨯ 뢠 
᪫祭 騩  , 뢠 ஬.

᪨㥬 (NMI) 뢠  ᪫祭 ᢮ 
   0  31.     ஢ ᯮ
஬  饥 ६; 祭   ⮣
 १ࢨ   ᯮ짮  饬.
ᯮ짮 祭   ᫥.

 ᪨㥬 뢠 । ⭮.
஫ 譨 뢠 (ਬ, Intel 8259,
ணࠬ㥬 ஫ 뢠) ।   設
 i486  ६ 横 ஢ 뢠.
ᯮ짮      祭  32 
255. 祭 ஢ ᪫祭  뢠  
 1-9.

           9-1.  ᪫祭  뢠

-----------------------------------------------------------------
                           ᠭ
-----------------------------------------------------------------
     0                  訡 
     1                  ⫠筮 ᪫祭
     2                  ᪨㥬 (NMI) 뢠
     3                  窠 ⠭ (஫쭠 窠)
     4                  ९, 㦥  INTO
     5                  ॢ襭   BOUND
     6                    樨
     7                  ன⢮  㯭
     8                   ᡮ
     9                  (ࢨ஢ Intel.  ᯮ.
                          i486  ᯮ)
    10                   ᥣ ﭨ 
    11                    
    12                    ⥪
    13                   
    14                    ࠭
    15                  (ࢨ஢ Intel.  ᯮ)
    16                  訡 樨  饩 窮
    17                  ஢ઠ ࠢ
   18-31                (ࢨ஢ Intel.  ᯮ)
  32-255                ᪨㥬 뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

᪫祭   ᡮ (⪠), 誨 
਩ 襭,  ᨬ  ⮬,  뤠
ᮮ饭  ⮬,   ந諨,   ⮣, ন 
  맢襩  .

 (⪠) -   ᪫祭, ᮮ饭  ன
뤠  ࠭ , ।饩 , 맢襩
 ᪫祭. ᫥ ᮮ饭  ᡮ 設 ⠭
 ,  믮  . 
  ࠡ稪 ᡮ 㪠뢠  ,
ᣥ஢  ᡮ,    , ᫥  .

誨 - 誠  ᪫祭, ᮮ饭  ன 뤠
 ࠭ , ।⢥ ᯮ ᫥ ,
 ன 뫮 㦥  ᪫祭.

਩ 襭 - ਩ 襭  ᪫祭, 
ᥣ ᮮ  , 맢襩  ᪫祭, 
 ᥣ   ணࠬ, 맢襩 
᪫祭. ਩ 襭 ᯮ  ᮮ饭 
殮 訡, ਬ  訡,  ⨢稢
 ⨬ 祭  ⥬ ⠡.

9.2   
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 襩  ᪫祭  뢠 । ࠢ 
ந室   ⥪饩 .  ᠬ ॣ EIP
⠭ ⠪ ࠧ, ⮡ 㪠뢠  ,
᫥  ,  믮﫠   樨
᪫祭  뢠. ᫨    䨪
७,  । ࠢ ந室   ⥪饩
樨, 祬  ॣ  室  筨 
믮 ᫥饩 樨. , ᫨  
⭮  ⨯  ᡮ,  ॣ 
⠭  ﭨ, ।饥 믮
맢襩 ᡮ .  ᠬ ᪠  .

  ᯮ  ࠡ⪨ ᪫祭,
   ࠭. ਬ, ਪ ணࠬ
     ᥣ,  饬 
.  砥 ⠪ ᪫祭 ࠡ稪 ᪫祭 
㧨 騩 㦭 ᥣ (,  ⪮
᪠)   믮, 稭  , 맢襩
 ᪫祭.  ६ ᪫祭   
ᮤন  ॣ஢ .  뢠
 祭  ⥪ 室 ⠭ ०
祭 㪠⥫ ⥪.   ⠭⥫ 樨
믮 ஬ ᯮᮡ, ᮢ襭 ஧ 
ਪ ணࠬ.

 砥 ᡮ ॣ EIP ⠭ ⠪ ࠧ, ⮡
㪠뢠  , 맢 ᪫祭.   
ࠡ稪 ᪫祭 믮 ணࠬ த  ⮩
 .

9.3  襭  饭 뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ᫮  ⠭ 䫠 ਢ  ⮬, 
 頥 ।  뢠  ᪫祭.

9.3.1  ᪨㥬 뢠, ᪨騥 ᫥騥 NMI
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 믮 ࠡ稪 뢠 NMI  頥
⥫ 맮 楤  , ࠡ뢠饩
뢠,  믮 ᫥饩  IRET. 
।頥 饭  ⥪ 맮 ࠡ稪 뢠.
 ᯮ짮  ᪨㥬 뢠 
뢠,     ᪨㥬
뢠, ᪮  IRET  ࠡ稪 ᪨㥬
뢠 ᭮ ࠧ NMI.

9.3.2  IF ᪨ INTR
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 IF   㦨 뢠, 祭 
४ INTR . ᫨ 䫠 IF 饭, 뢠 INTR
; ᫨  䫠 IF ⠭,  뢠 INTR
㦨.     䫠 ⮢, 
頥 䫠 IF  ⢥  ᨣ RESET.  STI  CLI
 ⠭   䫠 IF, ᮮ⢥⢥.

CLI ( 䫠 ࠧ襭 뢠)  STI (⠭ 䫠
ࠧ襭 뢠) ਢ  ᮮ⢥饥 ﭨ 䫠
IF ( 9 ॣ EFLAGS).    믮 ⮫쪮
᫨ CPL ࠢ    ਢ஢ ஢, 
IOPL.  ⪥ 믮    
ਢ஢ ஢  ᪫祭 饩 .

 IF  ⠪  ᫥ 権:

-  PUSHF 뢠  䫠  ⥪,   
  ᫥  ஢.  ⭮ 㧪
  ஢ 䫠   EFLAGS 㦨  POPF.

- ४祭 ,  ⠪  POPF  IRET 㦠
  ॣ EFLAGS, ᫥⥫쭮,  ⠪  㦨 
  䨪樨 ﭨ 䫠 IF.

- 뢠, 믮塞 १  뢠, ⮬᪨
   䫠 IF,  頥 뢠. ( 뢠
  ᬠਢ    ).

9.3.3  RF ᪨ ⫠ ᡮ
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 RF  ॣ EFLAGS  ᯮ짮  饭
㦨 ⫠ ᡮ. ᫨  饭,  ⫠
ᡮ 㦨; ᫨   ⠭,   .
 ।⢮ ᯮ   ⢥ 맮
ࠡ稪 ⫠ ᪫祭  ஫ 窠.

ਬ,   ⠭ ஫쭠 窠  ,
뫠饩    ᥣ,  饬  騩
  .    믮   ࠧ,
஫쭠 窠  ⫠ . ० 祬
ந   ࠡ稪 ᪫祭, ࠡ稪 
⠭ 䫠 RF   ॣ EFLAGS, ࠭  ⥪.
  ᮮ  ᡮ ⨯ "ᥣ  "
᫥ ⮣,  ࠡ稪 ⫠筮 ᪫祭 ।
ࠢ    . ᫨ 䫠  ⠭, 
᫥   ࠡ稪 ⫠筮 ᪫祭 ந
㣮 ⫠筮 ᪫祭.

 ⠭  RF  ࠭ ᮤন ॣ
EFLAG,  ந室 㣨 ᡮ, ⮬  
 ᫥⢨ ᡮ ⨯ "ᥣ  "
⢥ ⫠ ᪫祭  . 
頥 䫠 RF  襭 믮 ਢ  ᡮ
. ( ஡ ଠ  ⫠ ਢ 
 11).

9.3.4  MOV  POP  SS ᪨  ᪫祭
       뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

ணࠬ ᯥ祭, ஬ ॡ  ⥪
ᥣ,  ᯮ  , ਬ

     MOV  SS, AX
     MOV  ESP, StackTop

᫨ 뢠  ᪫祭 ந室 ᫥ 㧪
ᥫ ᥣ,   㧪 ॣ ESP,   
᪮   ࠭⢥ ⥪  ⨢稢묨
  ६ ࠡ ࠡ稪 뢠  ᪫祭.

 ।饭  樨  頥
뢠, ⫠ 樨  ᪫祭 ⨯ 誨
 蠣 믮 ᫥ ⮣,  㤥 믮
 MOV  SS,  POP  SS,   ,   㤥
⨣ ࠭ , 室 ᫥ ᫥饩 .
 ஢ ᪫祭 饩   ⮬ .
᫨  䨪樨 ᮤন ॣ ᯮ 
LSS,   ஡  .

9.4 ਮ ६ ந室 ᪫祭  뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

᫨  ࠭   ࠡ⪨  
᪫祭  뢠,   㦨  
।, ।᪠㥬 ᫥⥫쭮. ਮ
 ᮢ ᪫祭  뢠    9 -2.
砫  㦨 ⫮ ᪫祭 
뢠    訬 ਮ⮬, । 믮
ࢮ  ᮮ⢥饣 ࠡ稪. ᪫祭 
訬 뢠ﬨ ⬥; 뢠  訬
ਮ⠬  襭묨. ⬥ ᪫祭 ⥬
 ᭮,  ࠡ稪 뢠 頥
ࠢ   뢠.

9.5   ਯ஢ 뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ਯ஢ 뢠 (IDT) 樨  
᪫祭  뢠  ਯ஬ 楤  ,
 㦨 ᮮ⢥饥 ᮡ⨥.  ⠡栬
GDT  LDT, IDT ।⠢ ᮡ ᨢ 8-⮢
ਯ஢.  ⫨稥  GDT,   IDT 
ᮤঠ ਯ.  ନ஢   IDT 
㬭  ᪫祭  뢠  ⠡
樥 ᥬ, .. ᫮ ⮢ ਯ. ᪮
ᥣ  ᥣ 256 ஢, IDT   ᮤঠ
 256 ਯ஢.   ᮤঠ   256
ਯ஢, ᪮ ਯ ॡ ⮫쪮  
஢ 뢠,  ⢨⥫쭮    
⥬.

        9-2. ਮ ६ ந襤
                    ᪫祭  뢠

-----------------------------------------------------------------
ਮ                     ᠭ
-----------------------------------------------------------------
訩       ᪫祭 ⫠ 襪  ᫥ 
             (䫠 TF ⠭,  T  TSS ⠭, 
             祭 ஫쭠 窠 )
             ᪫祭 ⨯ ᡮ  ⫠  ᫥饩
              (஫쭠 窠  )
             -᪨㥬 뢠
             ᪨㥬 뢠
               롮થ ᫥饩  ( "ᥣ 
             "  ᡮ "饩 ")
               ஢  (  樨,
             ᫨誮    襭
             ਢ஢)        WAIT,   ᮡ
              "  㯥"  (  TS    MP
             ॣ CR0 ⠭)   ESC, ᮡ
              " 㯥" ( EM  TS
             ॣ CR ⠭)   WAIT  ESC,
             ᪫祭 "訡   ᮯ" (ᨣ 
             쪥 訡 Error #)
              "  ",   ⥪  ᡮ
             饩   ࠭ 
              ࠢ  ࠭ 

訩        ࠭  ࠭ 
-----------------------------------------------------------------

IDT  室    䨧᪮ . 
  㭪 9-1,  室 IDT   ॣ
IDTR.  ॣ ᮤন  32-ࠧ來  , ⠪
 16-ࠧ來 ࠭ IDT.  LIDT  SIDT 믮 㧪
 ࠭ ᮤন ॣ IDTR.   ࠡ 
 ࠭, ।⠢騬 ᮡ    
⮢.

᫨  뫠  ਯ   ࠭,
 室  ० .  ⮬ ० 
४頥 믮   ਥ ᪨㥬 뢠
  ⥬  ᫥饩 樠樥. 
 ᯥ樠 横 設, 㪠뢠騩  ,  
襫  ० . ࠡ稪 ணࠬ ᯥ祭
  ,  ⭮ ᯥ祭 ॠ
  ᨣ. ਬ, ⭮ ᯥ祭 
  ᢥ⮤  । , ஢
᪨㥬 뢠   ᪮ ଠ樨
 믮 樠  ⥬.

                            IDTR
47                                   16 15                     0
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|              IDT         |      ࠭ IDT       |
-----------------------------------------------------------------
                    |                                |
                    |       -------------------------
                    |       |
                    |       |
                    |       \/
                    |     -----        --------------------------
                    |---->| + |------->|      뢠        |
                    |     -----        |---  뢠 #N  ----|
                    |                  |------------------------|
                    |
                    |                  |------------------------|
                    |                  |                 |
                    |                  |---  뢠 #3  ----|
                    |                  |------------------------|
                    |                  |                 |
                    |                  |---  뢠 #2  ----|
                    |                  |------------------------|
                    |                  |                 |
                     ----------------->|---  뢠 #1  ----|
                                       --------------------------

  㭮 9-1.  IDTR ।  IDT  


LIDT (㧨 ॣ IDT) 㦠 ॣ IDTR 
ᮬ  ࠭楩, 室騬  ࠭ . 
   믮 ⮫쪮  CPL ࠢ 0. 筮 
ᯮ  樠樨 樮 ⥬ 
ᮧ IDT. 樮 ⥬  ⠪ ᯮ짮 
    IDT  .

SIDT (࠭ ॣ IDT)  祭   
࠭, ࠭  IDTR,  ⨢ .  
  ᯮ짮   ஢ ਢ஢.

9.6  ਯ IDT
-----------------------------------------------------------------

IDT  ᮤঠ     ਯ஢:

     -  
     -  뢠
     -  誨

 㭪 9-2  ଠ  ,  뢠 
 誨. (   IDT    ᠬ,   
  GDT  LDT, ᬮ७   2).

9.7    楤 뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

筮 ⮬,   CALL 뢠 楤  ,
⠪  ᪫祭  뢠  "맢" ࠡ稪
뢠, ।⠢   楤  . 
 ᪫祭  뢠,  ᯮ 
ᮡ 뢠  뢠  ⢥  ਯ
 IDT. ᫨    뢠  
誨,  맮 ࠡ稪 ந室 筮 맮 
 CALL  맮. ᫨   
,  ਢ  ४祭  筮 맮 
 CALL  .

9.7.1  楤 뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 뢠   誨 ᢥ  
楤, 믮塞  ⥪ ⥪饩 믮塞 ,
   㭪 9-3.   㪠뢠 
ਯ 믮塞 ᥣ   GDT,   ⥪饩 LDT.
 ᬥ饭  ਯ  㪠뢠  砫 楤
ࠡ⪨ ᪫祭  뢠.

 i486 뢠 楤 ࠡ⪨ ᪫祭 
뢠   筮 筮 맮 楤:
৫ ᬠਢ  ᫥ ࠧ.

                     

                               1 1 1 1 1 1 1
31                             6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7            0
----------------------------------------------------------------
|                               | | D |         |              |
|       ࢨ஢           |P| P |0 0 1 0 1| ࢨ஢| +4
|                               | | L |         |              |
|--------------------------------------------------------------|
|       ᥣ TSS    |       ࢨ஢          | +0
----------------------------------------------------------------

                     뢠

               2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
31             4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4      0
----------------------------------------------------------------
|                               | | D |         |     |        |
|       ࢨ஢           |P| P |0 1 1 1 0|0 0 0|ࢨ-| +4
|                               | | L |         |     | ஢ |
|--------------------------------------------------------------|
|       ᥣ        |       饭 15:00         | +0
----------------------------------------------------------------

                     誨

                               1 1 1 1 1 1 1
31                             6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4      0
----------------------------------------------------------------
|                               | | D |         |     |        |
|       饭 31:16          |P| P |0 1 1 1 1|0 0 0|ࢨ-| +4
|                               | | L |         |     | ஢ |
|--------------------------------------------------------------|
|       ᥣ        |       饭 15:00         | +0
----------------------------------------------------------------


DPL            ஢ ਢ஢ ਯ
饭       饭 窨 室  楤
P               ⢨ ᥣ
ࢨ஢   ᯮ짮
        ᥣ  祭

              㭮 9-2. ਯ  IDT

                                            ᥣ
                 IDT                          祭
          -----------------              --------------------
          |       |       |              |                  |
          |---------------|              |------------------|
          |               |              |                  |
          |---------------|              |                  |
          |       |       |              |    楤     |
          |---------------|              |    뢠    |
          |               |饭      |                  |
          |---------------|      -----   |                  |
 -->| 뢠|----->| + |-->|------------------|
뢠|  誨   |---   -----   |                  |
          |---------------|   |    |     |                  |
          |       |       |   |    |     |                  |
          |---------------|   |    |     |                  |
          |               |   |    |     |                  |
          |---------------|   |    |     |                  |
          |       |       |   |    |     |                  |
          |---------------|   |    |     |                  |
          |               |   |    |     |                  |
          |---------------|   |    |     |                  |
          |       |       |   |    |     |                  |
          |---------------|   |    |     |                  |
          |               |   |    |     |                  |
          -----------------   |    |---->--------------------
                              |    |
                              |    |
  -----------------------------    |
  |                                |
  |                                |
  |          GDT  LDT           |
  |       -----------------        |    
  |       |       |       |        |
  |       |---------------|        |
  |       |               |        |
  |       |---------------|        |
  |       |       |       |        |
  |       |---------------|        |
  |       |               |        |
  |       |---------------|        |
  |       |   ਯ  |        |
  ------->|   ᥣ    |---------
          |---------------|
          |       |       |
          |---------------|
          |               |
          |---------------|
          |       |       |
          |---------------|
          |               |
          |---------------|
          |       |       |
          |---------------|
          |               |
          -----------------

            㭮 9-3. 맮 楤 뢠


9.7.1.1  ⥪ 楤 뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

   砥 । ࠢ    CALL, 
। ࠢ 楤 ࠡ⪨ ᪫祭 
뢠 ᯮ ⥪, ।祭  ࠭
ﭨ .  㭪 9-4 ,  뢠
頥  ⥪ ᮤন ॣ EFLAGS,  ⥬ 頥
㤠  ࢠ .

 ⨯ ᪫祭  뢠 ⠪   ⥪ 
訡. ࠡ稪 ᪫祭  ᯮ짮   
⮣, ⮡ ஢ 稭, 맢 ᪫祭.

      ஢                         ஢
ਢ஢             ਢ஢
    ,                   ,
    訡                    訡

|                   |           |                  |
|-------------------|     |------------------|   
|                   |<-- ESP    |                  |<-- ESP
|-------------------|           |------------------|
|   EFLAGS    |           |   EFLAGS   |
|-------------------|           |------------------|
|         | CS|           |        | CS|
|-------------------|      |------------------|
|   EIP       |<-- ESP    |   EIP      |
|-------------------|           |------------------|   
|                   |           |   訡      |<-- ESP
                                |------------------|

      ஢                         ஢
ਢ஢             ਢ஢
     ,                     ,
    訡                    訡

---------------------   ESP   ---------------------   ESP 
|   ᯮ  |<-- TSS    |   ᯮ  |<-- TSS
|-------------------|           |-------------------|
|         | SS|           |         | SS|
|-------------------|           |-------------------|
|      ESP    |           |      ESP    |
|-------------------|           |-------------------|
|      EFLAGS |           |      EFLAGS |
|-------------------|           |-------------------|
|         | CS|           |         | CS|
|-------------------|      |-------------------|
|      EIP    |<-- ESP    |      EIP    |
|-------------------|           |-------------------|   
                                |    訡      |<-- ESP
                                |-------------------|

   㭮 9-4.  ⨢樨 ᫥ 믮 뢠

9.7.1.2    楤 뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

楤 뢠 ⫨砥  筮 楤 ᯮᮡ
室  楤.  室  楤 뢠 㦨
 IRET.  IRET 筠  RET, 
᪫祭 ⮣,   ६ ᮤন ॣ ESP
  譨   ⠭ ࠭ 䫠 
ॣ EFLAGS.  IOPL ॣ EFLAGS ⠭
⮫쪮  CPL, ࠢ 0.  IF  ⮫쪮  CPL <=
IOPL.

9.7.1.3  ᯮ짮 䫠 楤ன 뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

뢠, ᯮ騥   뢠,  
誨, 뢠  䫠 TF ᫥ ⮣,   ⥪饥
祭 ࠭  ⥪   ࠭塞 ᮤন
ॣ EFLAGS. 㯠 ⠪ ࠧ,  ।頥
⢨ ஢   ॠ 뢠.
᫥  IRET ⠭ 䫠 TF  祭,
࠭  ॣ EFLAGS  ⥪.

稥   뢠   誨 ⮨  
⢨  䫠 IF. 뢠, ᯮ饥 
뢠, 頥 䫠 IF, । ⥬ ᠬ ﭨ 
⥪騩 ࠡ稪 뢠   뢠.
᫥  IF ⠭ 䫠 IF  ﭨ,
஥    ࠭  ⥪ ॣ EFLAGS.
뢠, 室饥 १  誨,   䫠 IF.

9.7.1.4    楤 뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

ࠢ ਢ஢, ࠢ饥 楤ࠬ 뢠,
筮 ࠢ, 饬  맮 楤: 
 ࠧ蠥 뢠 । ࠢ 楤  
ਢ஢ ᥣ ( ᫥ 訬 ஬ ஢
ਢ஢). ⪠   ࠢ  
樨 ᪫祭 .

᪮ 뢠  ࠢ ந室   ࠭
஢ ६,  ࠢ 䠪᪨ 뢠
࠭祭  ஢ ਢ஢,  묨 
믮 楤 ࠡ⪨ ᪫祭  뢠. 
  襭 ࠢ ਢ஢ 
ᯮ짮   ᫥ ᯮᮡ:

- ࠡ稪 ᪫祭  뢠   饭 
  ଭ  ᥣ.  ᯮᮡ  ᯮ짮
   ࠡ稪   ᪫祭 (ਬ,
    ).  ࠡ稪  ᯮ짮 ⮫쪮
  , 㯭 १ ⥪. ᫨ ࠡ稪 ॡ
    ᥣ ,  ᥣ   
  ஢ ਢ஢ 3,     
  饭.

- ࠡ稪   饭   ᥣ  ஢
  ਢ஢ 0.  ࠡ稪 㤥 믮
  ᥣ, ᨬ  CPL ணࠬ.

9.7.2   뢠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

   㭪 9-5,    IDT ᢥ
뫠  .  ᥣ    
ਯ TSS  GDT.

 ᪫祭  뢠 뢠    IDT,
ந室 ४祭 . ࠡ⪠ 뢠  ⤥쭮
   २⢠:

- ⮬᪨ 믮  ࠭ ᥣ ⥪.

- ࠡ稪 뢠   ஢    
   뤥塞  ⤥쭮 ᭮ ࠭⢠. 
  믮   ⤥쭮 LDT.



                 IDT                       TSS
          -----------------          -----------------
          |       |       |          |               |
          |---------------|          |               |
          |               |          |               |
          |---------------|          |               |
          |       |       |          |               |
          |---------------|          |               |
          |               |          |               |
          |---------------|          |               |
 -->|       |       |-----     |               |
뢠|-   -|     | -->-----------------
          |---------------|     | |
          |       |       |     | |
          |---------------|     | |
          |               |     | |
          |---------------|     | |
          |       |       |     | |
          |---------------|     | |
          |               |     | |
          |---------------|     | |
          |       |       |     | |
          |---------------|     | |
          |               |     | |
          -----------------     | |
           TSS          | |
     ---------------------------- |
     |                            |
     |                            |
     |           GDT              |   TSS
     |    -----------------       |
     |    |       |       |       |
     |    |---------------|       |
     |    |               |       |
     |    |---------------|       |
     |    |       |       |       |
     |    |---------------|       |
     |    |               |       |
     |    |---------------|       |
     |    |       |       |       |
     ---->|-  --|--------
          |---------------|
          |       |       |
          |---------------|
          |               |
          |---------------|
          |       |       |
          |---------------|
          |               |
          |---------------|
          |       |       |
          |---------------|
          |               |
          -----------------

          㭮 9-5. ४祭  뢠


४祭 , 맢 뢠, ࠡ⠥ 筮
㣨 뢠 , ᠭ   7. 
뢠 頥  ࢠ , 믮 
IRET.

 ᪫祭   訡. ᫨ ४祭
 맢   ⠪ ᪫祭,  頥 
 ⥪, ᮮ⢥騩 ஢ ਢ஢ ࠡ稪
뢠.

  뢠 ᯮ  樮 ⥬ 
 i486, 䠪᪨   堭, 
 ᮧ  : ணࠬ ஢騪 (
樮 ⥬)   ஢騪 ( 堭
뢠 ). ணࠬ ஢騪  뢠
 뢠,   ஢  ࠧ襭
뢠.

9.8   訡
-----------------------------------------------------------------

᪮ ᪫祭 易   ᥣ⮬, 
頥  ⥪ ࠡ稪 ᪫祭  訡 ( 
楤, ⠪   ).  訡  ଠ, 
 㭪 9-6.  訡 宦  ᥫ ᥣ,  
 RPL  訡 ᮤন  -⮢ :

1.  ⠭  EXT, ᫨ ᪫祭 맢
   ᮡ⨥, 譨  ⭮襭  ணࠬ.

2.  ⠭  IDT, ᫨ ᭠  
   訡 뫠  ਯ   IDT.

᫨  IDT  ⠭,   TI 㪠뢠  , 뫠
  訡  GDT ( TI 饭),    LDT ( TI
⠭). ⠫ 14 ⮢ -  訥  ᥫ
ᥣ.     訡   (..
   襣 ᫮ 饭.)

 訡 頥  ⥪    ᫮.  
 ࠢ ⥪  ᠬ,  ६. 
  ᫮ १ࢨ.

9.9  ᫮ ᪫祭
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ᫥ ࠧ ᠭ ᫮, 騥 ᪫祭.
 ᠭ  ᪫祭  ᡮ,  
਩ 襭.  䨪 ᯥ稢
ଠ, 室 ⥬ ணࠬ⠬  
楤,  ன ⨫  ᪫祭.

-  - ࠭ ᮤন ॣ஢ CS  EIP 㪠뢠 
  , ᣥ஢ ᡮ.


     31                  15                3 2 1 0
     ----------------------------------------------
     |                  |                   |T| |E|
     |   ࢨ஢  |   ᥫ |I|I|X|
     |                  |                   | | |T|
     ----------------------------------------------

                    㭮 9-6.  訡


- 誨 - ࠭ ᮤন ॣ஢ CS  EIP,
  ᠭ   ࠡ뢠 誨, 㪠뢠 
  ,    믮 ᫥ ,
  ᣥ஢襩 . ᫨ 誠 㦥  
  । ࠢ, ࠭ ᮤন ॣ஢ CS  EIP
  ࠦ  । ࠢ. ਬ, ᫨ 誠
  ࠡ⠫   JMP,  ࠭ 祭 ॣ஢ CS
   EIP 㪠뢠   祭 室  JMP,  
     ᫥饬  ᫥  JMP.

- ਩ 襭 - ਩ 襭 -  ᪫祭,
 饥  筮 । , 맢襩 , 
 ணࠬ,  ன ந諮  ᪫祭.
਩ 襭 ᯮ  ᮮ饭  쥧
訡, ⠪   訡  ⨢稢 
⨬ 祭  ⥬ ⠡.

9.9.1  뢠 0 - 訡 
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ⨯ "訡 " 砥   DIV  IDIV,
 ⥫ ࠢ 0.

9.9.2  뢠 1 - ⫠ ᪫祭
-----------------------------------------------------------------

  ᪫祭  ᪮쪨 ᫮: ,
   ᪫祭 ᡮ  誮, 
 ᫮,   :

     -   ஫쭮 窥  

     - 誠  ஫쭮 窥  

     - 誠 蠣 믮

     - 誠 ஫쭮 窨 ४祭 

  頥  訡   ᬪ祭  ⥪.
ࠡ稪 뢠  ᫥ ⫠ ॣ 
⮣, ⮡ ।,  ᫮ 맢 ᪫祭. 
஡ ଠ  ⫠  ⫠ ॣ . 
 11.

9.9.3  뢠 3 - ஫쭠 窠
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 INT 3   ⨯ ஫쭮 窨. 
INT 3    ,  頥   樨 
 ᥣ  ⨢   樨 ஫쭮
窨. 樮 ⥬  ⥬ ⫠ 
ᯮ짮 ᥣ , ⮡ࠦ  ⮬  䨧᪮
᭮ ࠭⢥,    ᥣ,  饭
 INT 3  窠,  ⥫쭮 맢 ⫠稪.
⫠稪 ᯮ ஫ 窨  ਮ⠭
믮 ணࠬ, ⮡   ᫥
ॣ, ६ ணࠬ  ..

࠭ ᮤন ॣ஢ CS  EIP 㪠뢠  ,
᫥騩  ஫쭮 窮. ᫨ ⫠稪 
 ਮ⠭ ணࠬ,   
INT 3 室  樨   ஫쭮 窨, 
⠪ ६ ࠭ ᮤন ॣ EIP ।
⮬.  ஡ ଠ  ⫠ .   11.

9.9.4  뢠 4 - ९
----------------------------------------------------------------

誠 ९ ந室,   믮
 INTO  ⠭ 䫠 IF. ᪮
䬥᪨ 樨      ᯮ
 騥 ,    ﭨ ।,
 䠪᪨ ந室 ९.  ⮣ 
⠭ 䫠 OF,  १, 㥬 
᫠  , 室  । ⨬ . 
믮 䬥᪨ 権  ࠭, 騬 ,
䫠 OF  ஢ ।⢥,   
 INTO.

9.9.5  뢠 5  -  ஫ 
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ⨯ "஫ "  ஬, 
 믮  BOUND 㦨,  ࠭
ॢ蠥  ࠭. ணࠬ  ᯮ짮 
BOUND  ஫ ⮣,   ᨢ, 騩 ,
室  ।, ।  ⮣  .

9.9.6  뢠 6  -    樨
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 "୮  樨" , 
ᯮ⥫  㦨   樨.
( ᪫祭  㤥 㦥   ,   㤥
ᤥ ⪠ 믮   樨; ..
।⥫쭠 롮ઠ ୮  樨,  믮,
    ᪫祭).  訡   砥 
⥪  頥.  ᪫祭  ࠡ뢠 
। ⮩  .

 ᪫祭 ந室 ⠪  ୮ ⨯ ࠭ 
  樨. ਬ஬  㦨 
ᥣ⭮ 室 JMP, ᯮ ॣ஢ ࠭,
  LES  ॣ஢ 室 ࠭.

 ᫮ 樨  ᪫祭 ⮨ 
ᯮ짮 䨪 LOCK  ,  ன 墠 設
. 쪮 ।   ࠡ 
墠⮬ 設,     ᯮ짮 ⮫쪮 , 
믮    祭  .  稥
ᯮ짮 䨪 LOCK ਢ  樨 ᪫祭
୮  樨.

                          :

 9-3 ᮤন ᯨ᮪ ।  樨,
 १ࢨ஢ Intel.   樨 뢠 6 
.

9.9.7  뢠 7  -  ன⢮ 㯭
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ⨯ "ன⢮ 㯭"     
᫥ ᫮:

-  믮  ESC  ⠭  EM
  ॣ CR0.

-  믮  WAIT  ESC  ⠭
   TS ॣ CR0.

         9-3. ࢨ஢  権 Intel

-----------------------------------------------------------------
                       ⮢
-----------------------------------------------------------------
                            82
                            D6
                            F1
-----------------------------------------------------------------
                       塠⮢
-----------------------------------------------------------------
                          0F 07
                          0F 10
                          0F 11
                          0F 12
                          0F 13

                          F6 XX
                          F7 XX

                          C0 XX
                          C1 XX
                          D0 XX
                          D1 XX
                          D2 XX
                          D3 XX
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ࠧ, 뢠 7 ந室,  ணࠬ ,
⮡  ESC ࠡ뢠 ணࠬ ( EM ⠭),
  祭  WAIT  ESC,  ⥪ 
権  饩 窮 ⫨祭  ⥪  ⥪饩
.

 ஢ 80286  386  MP ॣ CR0 ᯮ 
⮬ TS  । ⮣,    WAIT
஢ ᪫祭.  ணࠬ, 믮塞  
i486,  MP   ⠭ ᥣ.

9.9.8  뢠 8 -  ᡮ
-----------------------------------------------------------------

筮   㦨 ᪫祭  ⪥
맢 ࠡ稪 ᪫祭, ந襤襩 ࠭,  
᪫祭  ࠡ뢠 ᫥⥫쭮. , ᫨
   ﭨ ⮣ ᤥ,   ᪫祭
 ᡮ.  ⮣, ⮡ ।,    ᡮ
᫥ ᮮ    ᡮ,  i486 
᪫祭   : ⥫ ᪫祭,
⥫ ᪫祭  ࠭ ᡮ.  䨪
   9-4.

 ந室  ⥫ ᪫祭 
뢠,   ⥫쭮   ⥫쭮,  
⠪ ᮡ  ࠡ뢠 ᫥⥫쭮.  砥
 ⥫ ᮡ⨩     ࠡ⠭,  ⮣
 ᪫祭  ᡮ.

᫨  ⥫  ⥫ ᪫祭 ᫥
࠭ ᡮ,   ⠪ ᮡ   ࠡ⠭
᫥⥫쭮.  ⠪ ࠢ   ⮬ 砥, 
᭠砫 ᫥ ࠭ ᡮ,    ⥫쭮
᪫祭. , ᫨  ࠭ ᡮ ᫥
⥫쭮 ᪫祭    ࠭ ᡮ, 
 ਩ 襭 ⨯ " ᡮ".

           9-4.  뢠  ᪫祭

-----------------------------------------------------------------
                          ᠭ
-----------------------------------------------------------------
                 1          ⫠ ᪫祭
                 2          ᪨㥬 뢠
⥫   3          ஫쭠 窠
᪫祭       4          ९
 뢠     5          ஫ 
                 6            樨
                 7          ன⢮ 㯭
                16          訡 樨  饩 窮
-----------------------------------------------------------------
                 0          訡 
⥫    10          ࠢ TSS
᪫祭      11            
                12            ⥪
                13           
-----------------------------------------------------------------
࠭      14          ࠭ ᡮ (⢨ ࠭)
ᡮ
-----------------------------------------------------------------

室 ᥣ ࠭筮 ᡮ, 祭 
।⥫쭮 롮થ ,     9-4.
 ᫥騥 ᡮ, 㥬  ⪠ 
। ࠢ ᮮ⢥饬 ࠡ稪 뢠,
 ⠪ ਢ  樨  ᡮ.

 ᥣ 頥  訡  ⥪ ࠡ稪 
ᡮ,    訡 ᥣ ࠢ 0.  맢襩
ᡮ  . ᫨  ⪥ 맢 ࠡ稪
 ᡮ ந   ᪫祭,  室 
०  ⥬.  ० 祭 ﭨ,
᫥饬  믮  HLT.  쭥訥
  믮  ਥ ᪨㥬 뢠 
ᨣ  ⥬ RESET. ᫨ ⨥ ⥬ ந室
 ६ 믮 ஬ ࠡ稪 ᪨㥬
뢠,     ⮫쪮  
ᨣ RESET.   ᯥ樠 横 設,
㪠뢠騩  宦   ० .

9.9.9  뢠 9  -  (ࢨ Intel.  ᯮ짮)

뢠 9, ਩ 襭 室  ࠭ ᥣ
ᮯ,   ⥬ 業ࠫ쭮  386
/⥬᪮ ᮯ 387,   386
㦨 襭 ࠭ ࠭  ᥣ 
뫪 ।  ࠭ ⥬᪮ ᮯ
387.  뢠 ஬ i486  ; 
 ந室 뢠 13.

9.9.10  뢠 10  -   TSS
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ⨯ " TSS"   ⪥ ४祭
  ᥣ   TSS. TSS   
, ᠭ   9-5.  訡 頥  ⥪
ࠡ稪 ᪫祭,   ஢ 稭
ᡮ.  EXT 㪠뢠,  ᪫祭 뫮 맢 ᫮
 ࠢ ணࠬ (ਬ, 譥 뢠,
ᯮ  , ⠫ 믮 ४祭 
  TSS).

                9-5. ᫮ ୮ TSS

-----------------------------------------------------------------
  訡     ᠭ
-----------------------------------------------------------------
    TSS         ࠭ ᥣ TSS  67H
    LDT         ୠ LDT  LDT  
    ⥪        ᥣ ⥪ ॢ蠥 ࠭
                       ⠡ ਯ஢
    ⥪        ⥪  㯥  
    ⥪       DPL ᥣ ⥪  ᮢ⨬  CPL
    ⥪       RPL ᥫ ᥣ ⥪  ᮢ⨬
                        CPL
             ᥣ  ॢ蠥 ࠭
                       ⠡ ਯ஢
                믮塞
            DPL -ଭ ᥣ 
                        ࠢ CPL
            DPL ଭ  ᥣ    CPL
           ᥣ  ॢ蠥 ࠭
                       ⠡ ਯ஢
             㯥  ⥭
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ᡮ  ந室   ⥪ 室 ,
⠪   ⥪  .   ,  
  㡥  ⢨  TSS, ᪫祭
ந室  ⥪ 室 .  ⮫쪮 ⢨
 TSS 㤥 ⢥ত, ४祭  ⠥
襭, .. ॣ TR 㦥 ᥫ஬  TSS, 
᫨ ४祭   ᫥⢨ CALL 
뢠,     TSS 㤥 ᮤঠ 뫪
  TSS.  訡, 㦥 ஬ ᫥ ⮩
窨, ࠡ뢠  ⥪  .

⮡ ࠭஢ 㯭 TSS  ࠡ⪨ ᪫祭,
ࠡ稪 ᪫祭 ⨯ " TSS"  뢠 
 ।⢮  .

9.9.11  뢠 11  -    
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ⨯ "ᥣ  " , 
 㦨,   ⢨  ਯ
饭.   ஢  ᡮ   
᫥ 砥:

-  ⪥ 㧨 ॣ CS, DS, ES, FS  GS; ,
  㧪 ॣ SS 뢠 ᡮ ⥪.

-  ⪥ 㧨 ॣ LDT    LLDT;
  , 㧪 ॣ LDT  ६ 樨 ४祭
   뢠 ᪫祭 " TSS".

-  ⪥ ᯮ짮 ਯ , 祭
  ਧ "ᥣ  ".

 ᡮ  믮 . ᫨ ࠡ稪
᪫祭 㦠 ᥣ  頥,  ࢠ
ணࠬ த 믮.

᫨ ᪫祭 "ᥣ  " ந室  ६
ફ祭 ,    蠣 ४祭 
.  ४祭   ᭠砫
㦠  ᥣ ॣ,  ⥬ ஢
⨬  ᮤন.  㦥 ᪫祭 "ᥣ
 " ⠫ ᥣ ॣ  ஢, 
᫥⥫쭮,    ᯮ짮  뫮  .
ࠡ稪 ᪫祭 "ᥣ  "  
   ᯮ짮 ᥫ஢ ᥣ⮢,
室  ॣ CS, SS. DS, ES, FS  GS 
   ᪫祭. ࠡ稪  ஢
 ᥣ ॣ । ⥬,   
믮  ;  ⨢ 砥,  
ந ᡮ 饩 , 祬  ᫮,  ᤥ
஢   㤭⥫.  ࠡ⪨ ⮣
   ᯮᮡ:

1. ࠡ⪠ ᡮ "ᥣ  "  . ⭮
   ४祭  ࢠ  ⠢ 
   ஢  ॣ  㧪   TSS.

2. ᯮ짮   ᥣ ॣ஢  PUSH 
   POP.   POP ⠢  ஢ 
   ᮤন ᥣ⭮ ॣ.

3. ஢ઠ ࠭  TSS 祭  ᥣ⭮
   ॣ   ᨬ樨 , 믮塞 ஬
    㧪 ᥣ⭮ ॣ.

 ᪫祭 頥  ⥪  訡.  EXT 
訡 ⠭  ⮬ 砥, ᫨ 譥  ⭮襭 
ணࠬ ᮡ⨥ 맢 뢠, ஥ ⥬ ਢ 
뫪  -騩 ᥣ.  IDT ⠭,
᫨  訡 믮 뫪   IDT (ਬ,
 INT, 뫠  -騩 ).

樮 ⥬ 筮 ᯮ ᪫祭 "ᥣ 
"  ॠ樨  ᥣ⭮ ஢ 㠫쭮
. , 祭 -⢨ ᥣ 
ਯ  筮  砥,  ᥣ 
 (᪮   易⥫쭮 
ᮮ⢥⢮ ᥣ⠬). -騥  
ᯮ짮 樮 ⥬  ४祭
᪫祭,  ᯥ樠쭮 祭  樮
⥬.

9.9.12 뢠 12 - ᪫祭  ⥪
-----------------------------------------------------------------

  ⥪    ᫥ :

-  १ 襭 ࠭ 樥, 뫠饩 
  ॣ SS.  室 ⥪-ਥ஢ , ⠪
   POP, PUSH, ENTER  LEAVE,  ⠪ 稥 뫪  ,
   ᯮ騥 ⥪ (ਬ, MOV AX,[BP+6]). 
  ENTER   ᪫祭,   墠⠥ 
   ।  ६.

-  ⪥ 㧨 ॣ SS ਯ஬, ⬥祭
  ਧ "ᥣ  ",  ⨬  
   ⭮襭.   ந  ४祭
  ,  믮  CALL  㣮 ஢
  ਢ஢,    㣮 ஢
  ਢ஢,  LSS,  MOV  POP 
  ॣ SS.

  㦨 ᪫祭  ⥪,  頥 
訡  ⥪ ࠡ稪 ᪫祭. ᫨ ᪫祭 ந諮
᫥⢨ -饣 ᥣ ⥪  ९
 ⥪  ६ 믮 -஢  CALL, 
 訡 ᮤন ᥫ ᥣ, 맢襣 ᪫祭
(ࠡ稪 ᪫祭  ஢  ⢨ 
ਯ  ⮣, ⮡ ।,  ᪫祭 
);  ⨢ 砥  訡 ࠢ 0.

,   ᡮ,    
.  , 饭  ⥪ ࠡ稪
᪫祭, 㪠뢠  ,  ன ॡ
믮.   筮 ,  맢 ᪫祭;
,  砥 ᪫⥫쭮 樨  ⥪ ᫥⢨
㧪 ਯ -饣 ᥣ ⥪  ६
४祭  㪠  ।⠢ ᮡ 
  .

 ᪫祭  ⥪ ந室  ४祭 ,
ᥣ ॣ   㦨  樨 . 
६ ४祭  祭 ᥫ஢ 㦠 
஢ન ਯ஢.  樨 ᪫祭 ⥪ ⠫
ᥣ ॣ  ஢७묨,   ਢ
  ᯮ짮  ᪫祭. ࠡ稪 ᡮ ⥪
 ஢  ᥣ ॣ, ० 祬 
 믮  ;  ⨢ 砥 
 ᣥ஢ ᪫祭 饩   ᫮, 
஢  㤭⥫쭮.

9.9.13  뢠 13  -   
-----------------------------------------------------------------

᪫祭 饩     襭 ,
 뢠  ᪫祭.  室 (  ࠭稢
祭):

- ॢ襭 ࠭ ᥣ  ᯮ짮 ᥣ⮢ CS,
  DS, ES, FS  GS.

- ॢ襭 ࠭ ᥣ  뫪  ⠡ ਯ஢.

- । 믮 ᥣ,  饬 믮塞
  () ᥣ⮬.

- ⪠   ᥣ , 㯭 ⮫쪮  ⥭,
     ᥣ.

- ⥭   ᥣ, 㯭 ⮫쪮  믮.

- 㧪 ॣ SS ᥫ஬ ᥣ, 㯭 ⮫쪮
   ⥭ (᫨ ⮫쪮  ᥫ    TSS 
  ४祭 , ⠪   ⮬ 砥 ந室
  ᪫祭 " TSS").

- 㧪 ॣ SS, DS, ES, FS  GS ᥫ஬ ⥬
  ᥣ.

- 㧪 ॣ DS, ES, FS  GS ᥫ஬ 
  ᥣ, 㯭 ⮫쪮  믮.

- 㧪 ॣ SS ᥫ஬ 믮塞 ᥣ.

-      ॣ஢ DS, ES, FS  GS, 
    ᮤন ⮩ ᥫ.

- ४祭   .

- 襭 ࠢ ਢ஢.

- ॢ襭   ।쭮 祭 15 ⮢
  (   ⮫쪮  ᯮ짮 । 
   䨪ᮢ).

- 㧪 ॣ CR0  ⠭  PG (窠
  ࠭ ࠧ襭)  饭  PE ( 饭).

- 뢠  ᪫祭 १  ७뢠  誨
   㠫쭮 ० 8086  ࠡ稪  ஢
  ਢ஢ ,  0.

᪫祭 饩   ⨯ ⭮  ᡮ.  ⢥ 
᪫祭 饩   頥  ⥪ ࠡ稪
᪫祭  訡. ᫨ ᪫祭 맢 㧪
ਯ,   訡 ᮤন ᥫ  
ਯ;  ⨢ 砥  訡  .
筨  ᥫ   訡  ।⠢ ᮡ
 :

     1. ࠭ .

     2.   , 饣 ࠭ .

     3.   TSS, 饣  ४祭 .

9.9.14  뢠 14  -  ࠭ ᡮ
-----------------------------------------------------------------

࠭ ᡮ ந室,  窠 ࠭ ࠧ襭
( PG ॣ CR0 ⠭)   㦨 
 ᫥ ᫮  ६ ࠭樨   
䨧᪨:

-  ⠫ ࠭  ⠡ ࠭, 室 
  ࠭樨 ,  饭  ⢨, 
  砥,  ⠡ ࠭  ࠭, ᮤঠ
  ࠭,    䨧᪮ .

- 楤   筮 ஢ ਢ஢
   㯠  㪠 ࠭.

 ᯥ稢  ࠡ稪 ࠭筮 ᡮ 
ଠ樮 ,  ஢ ᪫祭 
⠭ ଠ ᫮:

-  訡  ⥪.  訡  ࠭筮 ᡮ 
  ଠ, ⫨  ଠ  㣨 ᮡ 権 (.
  㭮 9 -7).  訡 ᮮ頥 ࠡ稪 ᪫祭
  ᫥騥  :

  1. ந諮   ᪫祭 ᫥⢨ ⮣, 
     ࠭  ,  - 襭 ࠢ 㯠
      ࠭.

  2. ⠫     ᪫祭  ०
     짮⥫,   ० 㯥ࢨ.

  3.     , 맢訩  ᪫祭, 
     ⥭   .

- ন ॣ CR2.  㦠  ॣ CR2 32-
  ࠧ來  , ᣥ஢訩 ᪫祭.
  ࠡ稪 ᪫祭  ᯮ짮   
  宦 ᮮ⢥ ⮢ ⠫ ࠭ 
  ⠡ ࠭. ᫨  ६ 믮 ࠡ稪
  ࠭筮 ᡮ ந   ࠭ ᡮ, 
  ࠡ稪   ᮤন ॣ CR2  ⥪.

-----------------------------------------------------------------
|  | 祭 |                   ᠭ                  |
-----------------------------------------------------------------
  U/S        0      , 맢訩 ᡮ, ந襫  ࠡ
                      ० 㯥ࢨ

             1      , 맢訩 ᡮ, ந襫  ࠡ
                      ० 짮⥫

  W/R        0       㯠, 맢訩 ᡮ,  ⥭

             1       㯠, 맢訩 ᡮ,  

   P         0        맢 ⢨ ࠭

             1        맢 襭   ஢
                    ࠭
-----------------------------------------------------------------

     31              15       7      3 2 1 0
     ----------------------------------------
     |                                |U|W| |
     |       ।             |/|/|P|
     |                                |S|R| |
     ----------------------------------------

           㭮 9-7.   訡 ࠭筮 ᡮ


9.9.14.1  ࠭ ᡮ  ४祭 
-----------------------------------------------------------------

騥 樨 믮     ४祭
:

1.  ﭨ 室   TSS  ⮩ .

2. ⥭ GDT  宦 ਯ TSS  .

3. ⥭ TSS    ஢ન ⨯ ਯ஢
   ᥣ  TSS.

4.   믮 ⥭ LDT    䨪樨
   ᥣ ॣ஢, ࠭   TSS.

࠭ ᡮ   १⮬ 饭   
 権.   ᫥  ᪫祭 ந室 
⥪  . ⥫  㪠뢠  ᫥
  ,     맢 ४祭
 (  ᫥ 믮塞   砥
뢠). ᫨ ன⢮ 樮 ⥬ 
࠭ ᡮ ந室 ६ ४祭 , 
ࠡ稪 ࠭筮 ᡮ  뢠 १  .

9.9.14.2  ࠭ ᡮ  ⨢稢 祭 㪠⥫
          ⥪
-----------------------------------------------------------------

  ᮡ   , ⮡ ࠭ ᡮ 
ਢ  ᯮ짮 ஬ ୮ 㪠⥫ ⥪
(SS:ESP). ணࠬ ᯥ祭, ᠭ  16-⮢
஢ Intel,  ᯮ  ४祭  
⥪  , ਬ,

     MOV SS, AX
     MOV SP, StackTop

 砥  i486, ᪮   頥 
,     砥 ࠭ ᡮ ᫥
⮣,    ᥫ ᥣ⭮ ॣ SS,  ।
⥬,  ᮮ⢥⢥ 뫮  ᮤন ॣ SP. 
⮩ 窥   㪠⥫ ⥪ SS:SP (ࠧ㬥, 
32-ࠧ來 ணࠬ  SS:ESP) ⨢稢   㣮.
 ⥪ ᥣ ᯮ   㪠⥫ ⥪.

  ᯮ ⨢騩 㪠⥫ ⥪, ᫨
ࠡ⪠ ࠭筮 ᡮ 뢠 ४祭 ⥪  
। ⥪ (.. ࠡ稪    
ਢ஢ 楤). , ᫨ ࠭ ᡮ
ந室  ⮬  ஢ ਢ஢   ⮩ 
,    ࠡ稪 ࠭筮 ᡮ,  
⠥ ᯮ짮 ⥪,   㪠뢠
⨢稢 㪠⥫ ⥪.

 ⥬, ᯮ  ࠭  ࠡ뢠
࠭ ᡮ  । , ᮤঠ ᡮ (।⢮
 誨  뢠), ணࠬ ᯥ祭,
믮塞  ⮬  ஢ ਢ஢,  
ࠡ稪 ࠭筮 ᡮ,  樠஢  ⥪
 LSS,   ன ,  . ᫨
ࠡ稪 ࠭筮 ᡮ ࠡ⠥  ஢
ਢ஢ 0 (ଠ 砩), ஡
࠭稢 ணࠬ, ࠡ騬  ஢
ਢ஢ 0, .. 筮 ஬ 樮 ⥬.

9.9.15  뢠 16  -  訡 樨  饩 窮
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 樨  饩 窮   訡, 㥬
 䬥᪮ 樨  饩 窮. 뢠
16  ந ⮫쪮 ᫨  NE ॣ CR0 ⠭.
 ஡ ଠ  ᮮ饭  訡  権
 饩 窮 .   16.

9.9.16  뢠 17  -  ஢ઠ ࠢ
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ஢ન ࠢ  ஢  㯥 
ࠢ ࠭. ਬ, ᫮, ᠭ 
⭮  ,   ᫮, ᠭ 
,  ⭮ ६.   9-6 ਢ ॡ
 ࠢ  ⨯ .  ࠧ襭 ஫
ࠢ  믮 ᫥騥 ᫮:

     -  AM ॣ CR0   ⠭.
     -  AC   ⠭.
     - CPL   ࠢ 3 (஢ 짮⥫).

      9-6. ॡ  ࠢ  ⨯ 

-----------------------------------------------------------------
                           楫  
-----------------------------------------------------------------
                                           2
 ᫮                                   4
⪮ ⢥                           4
 ⢥                            8
६ ⢥                          8
                                        2
48-ࠧ來 ᥣ஢ 㪠⥫         4
32-ࠧ來 ᪨ 㪠⥫                  4
32-ࠧ來 ᥣ஢ 㪠⥫         2
48-ࠧ來 "ᥢ-ਯ"                4
 ࠭ FSTENV/FLDENV          4  2,  ᨬ 
                                           ࠧ ࠭
 ࠭ FSAVE/FRSTOR           4  2,  ᨬ 
                                           ࠧ ࠭
⮢ ப                                  4
-----------------------------------------------------------------

஢ ࠢ  ᯮ짮  ணࠬ, 
    㪠⥫ 㦠  䨪樨
㥬   . ਬ, ணࠬ 
⥪ ⥬᪨ 㭪権  ਭ 㪠⥫ 
᫮  . ᫨ ⨯ ⮩   
  㪠⥫   ⨯ 祭  10 (),
⥬᪨ ணࠬ  믮  ⮣  ⨯
४,  ᬥ饭 -10 (筮). ᫨ ணࠬ
  ⨯ 㪠⥫,  ந ࠢ
뫪,  ਢ  樨 ᪫祭.

 ஢ન ࠢ  ⮫쪮  ०
짮⥫ (஢ ਢ஢ 3). 뫪   
஢ ਢ஢  㬮砭 0, ⠪  㧪
ਯ ᥣ,   ᡮ ஢ન ࠢ,
 ᫨  맢 뫪  , 믮묨 
짮⥫᪮ ०.

 48-ࠧ來 ᥢ-ਯ (ࠧ  
ᮤন  ॣ ⠡ ਯ஢)  ०
짮⥫  ஢ ᡮ ஢ન ࠢ. 
ணࠬ ० 짮⥫ 筮  ࠭
ᥢ-ਯ஢, ⠪ ᡮ  , ࠢ
ᥢਯ   ⭮ ᫮ (.. ,
饬 2 MOD 4).

 FSAVE  FRSTOR  ࠢ 뫪, 
 맢 ᡮ ஢ન ࠢ. ਪ ணࠬ
  㦭 ।.

9.10   ᪫祭
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ᪫祭, ᯮ ஬ i486, ਢ 
 9-7.

9.11    訡
-----------------------------------------------------------------

 ଠ樨  訡, 㯭   ᪫祭,
ਢ   9-8.

                  9-7.  ᪫祭

-----------------------------------------------------------------
ᠭ                        筨
                 㪠뢠      ᪫祭  ᪫祭
                        ᡮ ?
-----------------------------------------------------------------
      0                            DIV
                                                      IDIV

⫠         1           *1        *1           뫪
᪫祭                                               
                                                     

஫쭠 窠  3                  誠      INT 3

९       4                  誠      INTO

஢ઠ  5                            BOUND

        6                         ࢨ஢
樨                                            樨

ன⢮         7                            ESC
㯭                                            WAIT

 ᡮ       8                   ਩    
                                         襭
                                              2
 TSS      10                          JMP,
                                                   CALL, RET,
                                                   뢠 
                                                   ᮡ 樨

         11                            ,
                                         
                                                     ᥣ

  ⥪      12                           ⥪
                                                     樨

       13                   /  3     뫪
                                         誠       
                                                     

࠭ ᡮ   14                            뫪
                                                       
                                                     
                                             4
訡 樨   16                            ESC
 饩                                           WAIT
窮

஢ઠ          17                            뫪
ࠢ                                          

ணࠬ         0               誠      INT n
뢠         255
-----------------------------------------------------------------

1. ⫠ ᪫祭   誨,  ᡮ. ࠡ稪
   ᪫祭   ࠧ稥  誠  ᡮﬨ,
   ᫥ ᮤন ॣ DR6.

2. ᪫祭 " TSS" ᪠ , ᫨ 
   ந諠  ६ ࠡ⪨ 뢠  ᪫祭.

3.  饩   . ᫨ ᡮ ந襫 
   ⪥ 맮 ࠡ稪,  ࢠ ணࠬ 
   ,  뢠   ﭮ.

4. 饭  訡 権  饩 窮  뤠
    ࢮ  ESC   WAIT, ᫥饩  
   ESC, ᣥ஢襩 訡.

  訡                                     9-8
-----------------------------------------------------------------
ᠭ                                  
                                          訡 ?
-----------------------------------------------------------------
訡                       0              
⫠ ᪫祭               1              
஫쭠 窠                   3              
९                        4              
஢ઠ                   5              
  樨               6              
ன⢮ 㯭               7              
 ᡮ                        8           (ᥣ )
 TSS                       10              
              11              
 ᥣ                      12              
                        13              
࠭ ᡮ                    14              
訡 樨  饩 窮 16              
஢ઠ ࠢ              17           (ᥣ )
ணࠬ 뢠            0-255            
-----------------------------------------------------------------

