			    - 254 -
  ͻ
  IRET/IRETD   뢠 (    饭
  			     ०)			       
  ͼ
			    :
		     Ŀ
IRET		     11001111
		     
			    :
   IF (ADRESS SIZE = 32) THEN
   BEGIN
     POP EIP;	      ( IRET ᭨  ⥪ EIP  IP)
     POP CS;	      ( IRET ⠪ ᭨  ⥪ CS)
     POP EFLAGS;     ( IRET ⠪ ᭨  ⥪ EFLAG  FLAG)
   END
   ELSE
   BEGIN
     POP IP;	      ( IRET ᭨  ⥪ EIP  IP)
     POP CS;	      ( IRET ⠪ ᭨  ⥪ CS)
     POP FLAGS;     ( IRET ⠪ ᭨  ⥪ EFLAG  FLAG)
   END

			   :
IRET 筮    ணࠬ 㦨 뢠
 ஫   ࢠ ணࠬ.  IRET  ᭨  
⥪ 㪠⥫    ॣ ᥣ,  ..	믮
ᥣ .  ⠪ ᭨  ⥪ 䫠 ॣ,
 ᮤন ﭨ IF, ।饣 뢠.
  IRET        ॠ쭮	०	      ०
㠫쭮 8086,  㪠⥫   ॣ   ᥣ,
  ⥪,  ।  ,  㤠    
믮  ணࠬ.
  IRET       	饭   ०,   ⢨,
믮塞  80386      쭮  ᫮묨      
ᮮ⢥⢮   3- ﭨ:
1.ᥣ  室  ⥪饬 ஢ ਢ (DPL=CPL);
2.ᥣ  室   ਢ஢ ஢ (DPL<
CPL) 
3.ᥣ ﭨ .
 IRET ⠪   砭  (襭)	蠥
,    뢠  ४祭    ।饬  
(᫮ 蠥  砥 NT=1  ॣ EFLAG).

:
       IRET

  :
IF 䫠 ० 㠫쭮 8086 (VM)=1  IOPL<3
THEN ᪫祭 " ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000h)  (
樨  ࠧ 㯥ࢨ 饭 ०)
ELSE
 IF 䫠   (NT=1) THEN go to (३)  

 ELSE
 IF 䫠 ० 㠫쭮 8086 (VM)=1   䫠  ⥪
 THEN goto      8086
 ELSE goto  .
   	  8086(ࢠ  楤
뫠  ० 㠫쭮 8086)

			    - 255 -
CPL =0 ELSE ᪫祭 " ⠭⭮ " ( 訡
ᥫ ᥣ).
設 ⥪ 36 ⮢ ஢ 0       ।  ELSE
⪠ ⥪ ( 訡 0000h)
믮  CS ᥫ  ᮮ⢥饣 ਯ:
     㫥 ELSE ᪫祭	"  ⠭⭮
" ( 訡 0000h).
  ᥫ    । ⠡ ELSE ᪫祭
" ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 ᥫ ).
  ࠢ 㯠 (AR)   ᥣ   ELSE
᪫祭  "  ⠭⭮  "  (   訡   ᥫ
).
 DPL ᥣ   = 3 ELSE  ᪫祭	"  ⠭⭮
" ( 訡 ᥫ ).
   		⢮  ELSE  ᪫祭	 "
" ( 訡 ᥫ )
믮 SS ᥫ   ᮮ⢥饣 ਯ:
     㫥 ELSE ᪫祭	"  ⠭⭮
" ( 訡 0000h).
  ᥫ    । ⠡ ELSE ᪫祭
" ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 ᥫ ⥪).
 RPL ᥫ  = RPL  ᥫ 	ELSE  ᪫祭
" ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 ᥫ ⥪).
  ࠢ  㯠  (AR)      ࠧ襭  
ᥣ ELSE ᪫祭 "  ⠭⭮  "  (  訡
ᥫ ⥪).
 DPL ᥣ ⥪  = 3 ELSE  ᪫祭 "  ⠭⭮
" ( 訡 ᥫ ).
  ⥪		⢮  ELSE  ᪫祭	 "
" ( 訡 ᥫ )
⥫         । ᥣ   ELSE
᪫祭  "  ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000h).
㧨  EFLAGS  SS:[ESP+8]	(⠭   䫠   ०
				 㠫쭮	8086   (VM)    
				 뢠 ணࠬ)
EIP := Pop().
CS  :=Pop().(CS      㣨  稭   ॣ   ᥣ,
	       ⥪,  ᥡ 筮 ⠪    8086
	      VM=1)
throwaway := Pop(). ( 㦥 㦥 EFLAGS)
ES := Pop(). (  ⥪ 4 ,  2 孨 )
DS := Pop(). (  ⥪ 4 ,  2 孨 )
FS := Pop(). (  ⥪ 4 ,  2 孨 )
GS := Pop(). (  ⥪ 4 ,  2 孨 )
IF CS.RPL > CPL
THEN
 TempESP := Pop().
 TempSS := Pop().
 SS:ESP := TempSS:TempESP.
 :
믮  ⭮ 裡  TSS,  ᮢ  ⥪騬
஬  (TR):
     쭮	뢠              
쭮/쭮 ⠡  (TI) ELSE	᪫祭 "⨬
TSS" ( 訡  ᥫ TSS).
     । GDT ELSE ᪫祭 "⨬
TSS" ( 訡  ᥫ TSS).
  ࠢ 㯠  (AR)    뢠    ﭨ
 ELSE ᪫祭 "⨬ TSS" ( 訡  ᥫ
TSS).

			    - 256 -
  TSS    ELSE  ᪫祭 "⨬ TSS"
( 訡  ᥫ TSS).
   ⢮ ELSE ᪫祭 " "
( 訡  ᥫ TSS).
    ,   TSS,  ।塞
ᥫ஬ ⭮ 裡.
⬥ ,  ன ⮫쪮  諨,  .
⥫         । ᥣ   ELSE
᪫祭  "  ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000h).
 :
IF ࠧ ࠭ = 32
 THEN 3- ᫮   ⥪   	  ।  ⥪  ELSE
᪫祭 "⪠ ⥪" ( 訡 0000h)
ELSE 2- ᫮	  ⥪   	  ।  ⥪  ELSE
᪫祭 "⪠ ⥪" ( 訡 0000h)
 RPL ᥫ  CS      >  CPL  ᪫祭  "
⠭⭮ " ( 訡 ᥫ ).
IF RPL ᥫ  = CPL
 THEN goto     
 ELSE goto    	      (    ஢
					      襩 ਢ)
    :
IF ࠧ ࠭ = 32
THEN
 孨 12   ⥪    । ELSE ᪫祭
"⪠ ⥪" ( 訡 0000h).
   ᥫ  CS  (  ESP+4)           㫥
ELSE ᪫祭  " ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000h).
ELSE
 孨 6   ⥪     । ELSE ᪫祭
"⪠ ⥪" ( 訡 0000h).
   ᥫ  CS  (  ESP+2)           㫥
ELSE ᪫祭  " ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000h).
  ᥫ    ।  ⠡ ਯ
ELSE ᪫祭  " ⠭⭮  " (  訡 ᥫ
)
  ࠢ 㯠 (AR)       ᥣ    ELSE
᪫祭  "  ⠭⭮     (   訡   ᥫ
).
IF ᮮ⢥騩 ᥣ 
THEN  DPL  ᥣ      =  CPL  ELSE  ᪫祭  "
⠭⭮ " (  訡 ᥫ ).
IF ᮮ⢥騩 ᥣ 
THEN  DPL ᥣ    > CPL  ELSE  ᪫祭  "
⠭⭮ " (  訡 ᥫ ).
  ⢮ ELSE ᪫祭 " "
( 訡 ᥫ )
⥫         । ᥣ   ELSE
᪫祭  "  ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000).
IF ࠧ ࠭ = 32
 THEN
    ⥪ CS:EIP.
  㧨  ਯ CS  ਯ஬ ᥣ .
  㧨 EFLAGS 3- DWORD  ⥪.
   ESP  12, ⮡  稭,   ⥪.
 ELSE

			    - 257 -
  㧨  ਯ CS  ਯ஬ ᥣ .
  㧨 EFLAGS 3- DWORD  ⥪.
   SP  6.
   :
IF ࠧ ࠭ = 32
THEN
 孨 20   ⥪    । ELSE ᪫祭
"⪠ ⥪" ( 訡 0000h).
ELSE
 孨 10   ⥪    । ELSE ᪫祭
"⪠ ⥪" ( 訡 0000h).
믮  CS ᥫ  ᮮ⢥饣 ਯ:
       0  ELSE  ᪫祭	"  ⠭⭮
" ( 訡 0000h).
  ᥫ    ।  ⠡ ਯ
ELSE ᪫祭  " ⠭⭮  " (  訡 ᥫ
)
  ࠢ 㯠 (AR)       ᥣ    ELSE
᪫祭  "  ⠭⭮     (   訡   ᥫ
).
IF ᮮ⢥騩 ᥣ 
THEN DPL ᥣ   = CS ᥫ RPL ELSE ᪫祭
" ⠭⭮ " (  訡 ᥫ ).
IF ᮮ⢥騩 ᥣ 
THEN  DPL ᥣ    < CPL  ELSE  ᪫祭  "
⠭⭮ " (  訡 ᥫ ).
  ⢮ ELSE ᪫祭 " "
( 訡 ᥫ )
믮  CS ᥫ  ᮮ⢥饣 ਯ:
       0  ELSE  ᪫祭	"  ⠭⭮
" ( 訡 0000h).
  ᥫ     ।  ELSE  ᪫祭  "
" ⠭⭮  " (  訡 ᥫ ⥪)
  RPL  = RPL  ᥫ    ELSE ᪫祭
" ⠭⭮  " (  訡 ᥫ ⥪)
  ࠢ 㯠  (AR)       ࠧ襭  
ᥣ  ELSE ᪫祭 " ⠭⭮  ( 訡
ᥫ ⥪).
DPL  ᥣ ⥪  = RPL 頥	CS ᥫ RPL
ELSE ᪫祭 " ⠭⭮ " (  訡 ᥫ
).
  ⢮ ELSE ᪫祭 " "
( 訡 ᥫ )
⥫         । ᥣ   ELSE
᪫祭  "  ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000).
IF ࠧ ࠭ = 32
 THEN
  㧨 CS:EIP  ⥪.
  㧨 EFLAGS 稭  SS:[ESP + 8].
 ELSE
  㧨 CS:IP  ⥪.
  㧨 EFLAGS 稭  SS:[SP + 4].
㧨 CS:EIP  ⥪.
⠭ CPL  RPL 頥 CS ᥫ
㧨  ਯ CS ਯ஬ CS.
㧨  ਯ SS ਯ஬ SS.
FOR  ES,FS,GS,DS
DO

			    - 258 -
 IF   稭	 ⥪饣   RPL   ॣ   ᥣ	 ୠ
(⢨⥫쭠)  ᯮ짮  室 ஢
 THEN  㫨  ॣ  ᥣ      ᮮ⢥騥
  䫠.
  ⮣ ⮡  ࠢ, ⠭騩 ॣ  
ᮮ⢥⢮ ᫥騬 ॡ:
   ᥫ    ।   ⠡ ਯ,
   ࠢ 㯠 (AR)     ᥣ    
  ⠥ ᥣ ,
  IF ᥣ-     ᮮ⢥騩  ,  THEN  DPL
    > CPL  DPL   > RPL.
:
     ,  ४⥫    
  饭 ०.
   :
뢠 13  , ᫨    ࠭    
 ᯮ⥫ ᮬ, 訬, 祬 FFFFh   ᥣ
CS, DS, ES, FS  GS. 뢠 12    ,  ᫨  
  ࠭         ᯮ⥫	ᮬ,
訬, 祬 FFFFh  ⥪ ᥣ SS.
   :
᪫⥫쭠	   " ⠭⭮  "   (᪫祭
13)     訡  0000h   ࠭	ᥣ⮢  
CS, DS, ES,  FS    GS,  ᫨  ࠭   筨	 
⠥  ᥣ⮬  ,    ᫨        ࠭
   ᯮ⥫   ᮬ      ।	ᥣ.
᪫祭  ⥪      訡  0000h	  ࠭	
ᥣ   ⥪,   ᫨          ࠭	 
ᯮ⥫ ᮬ  । ᥣ. ᪫祭 ⥪	
 訡 ᥫ	ᥣ    ,  ᫨  ࠭	
 室  ᥣ SS  ન஢,    騩.
᪫⥫쭠	  "  "  (᪫祭  11)
    訡 ᥫ  ᥣ,  ᫨  ࠭	
	室    ᥣ	DS,  ES,   FS,	 GS      ⬥祭
騬. ᪫⥫쭠  " "
    訡 ᥫ  ᥣ,  ᫨  ࠭	
	室    ᥣ	DS,  ES,   FS,	 GS      ⬥祭
騬.   ᪫⥫쭠      "⪠    ࠭"
(᪫祭 14)   訡   ⪠  	  ᮬ
⪠ 室  ॣ CR2. ᪫⥫쭠  
ﭨ  (᪫祭 10)      訡  ᥫ  
ᮣᮢ⥩   ﭨ    ,  ᫨
⢮ ४⥫ .
    8086:
  , 	  ॠ쭮  ०,      饭
०  ஢ ਢ 0. ଠ ⥪  ஢ ਢ
0 ᫥ ᪫祭 (   訡)    뢠  (  
訡)   .12.2. ᪫⥫쭠  "⪠"
࠭"   訡  ⪠     ᮬ  ⪠
室  ॣ CR2.


			    - 259 -
	   ͻ
	   JCC 	  室  ᫮ "⨭"
	   ͼ
			    :
	JCC				    ᫥⥫쭮
					      ()
			      0		 1
8-⮢		 0111cccc  8-⮢ ᬥ饭
ᬥ饭
 ᬥ饭 	 00001111    1000

		    C C C C	᫮
		    0 0 0 0	९
		    0 0 0 1	 ९
		    0 0 1 0	/   
		    0 0 1 1	 /  
		    0 1 0 0	/
		    0 1 0 1	 ࠢ/ 
		    0 1 1 0	  / 
		    0 1 1 1	   /
		    1 0 0 0	/⥫
		    1 0 0 1	 /⥫
		    1 0 1 0	/ 
		    1 0 1 1	 / 
		    1 1 0 0	/   
		    1 1 0 1	 /  
		    1 1 1 0	  / 
		    1 1 1 1	   /

			    :
   IF (CONDITION = TRUE) THEN
     EIP <-- EIP  +  DISPLACEMENT;  (८ࠧ  ,  ᫨
				     ᫮ ⨭)

			   :
JCC ᯥ稢 ᫮ ⢥⢫   ᥣ	⥪饣
.  ᫨  ᫮  ୮,  ᬥ饭,     	࠭,
  	㪠⥫       ⮣,   ⮡   
믮   . ⨬,   ᬥ饭  ࠭  -
  8-⮢  ᫮,  		᫮  
,  ⮬    16-⮢,  ᫨  ࠧ
-16 ,  32-⮢, ᫨ ࠧ -32 .  ..
 ᬥ饭  室      ᥣ	⥪饣
.
᪮    ᫮  室    ࠧ⢫
⮫쪮  ᥣ, ॣ  ᥣ  ⢮.

			    - 260 -
:
       JNE     LABEL_D
:
  ⢮.
   :
뢠 13  , ᫨      ਥ
 ᯮ⥫ ᮬ,  訬, 祬 FFFFh 	ᥣ
CS.
   :
᪫⥫쭠  " ⠭⭮ " (᪫祭 13)
  訡 0000h  ਥ  ᥣ   CS 
,	᫨  ᫨         ਥ	
ᯮ⥫	ᮬ   ।  ᥣ.  ᪫⥫쭠
  "  "  (᪫祭  11)   訡
ᥫ ᥣ  , ᫨ ࠭   祭
 ᥣ CS,  騩.
᪫⥫쭠  "⪠ ࠭" (᪫祭 14)  
訡	  ⪠      ᮬ  ⪠  室  
ॣ CR2.
    8086:
 ,    ॠ쭮  ०,        饭
०  ஢ ਢ 0. ଠ ⥪  ஢ ਢ
0 ᫥ ᪫祭 (   訡)    뢠  (  
訡)   .12.2. ᪫⥫쭠  "⪠"
࠭"   訡  ⪠     ᮬ  ⪠
室  ॣ CR2.

	      ͻ
	      JCXZ/JECXZ   室, ᫨ CX/ECX 0
	      ͼ
			    :
	JCXZ/JECXZ
			    0	    1
    8-⮢	      Ŀ
    ᬥ饭	       11100011  8-⮢ ᬥ饭
		      
			    :
   IF (ECX = 0) THEN
     EIP <-- EIP + DISPLACEMENT;      (饭   ⢫
				       ⮫쪮 8 ⠬)

			   :
JECXZ/JCXZ ᯥ稢 ᫮  ࠧ⢫		ᥣ
⥪饣    ॣ ECX    CX  (  ᨬ  
ࠧ  ࠭).  ᫨  ﭨ  ॣ-0,    ᬥ饭,
  ࠭,   㪠⥫      ⮣,

			    - 261 -
⮡  믮    .  ⨬,  ,  
ᬥ饭   ।⠢   ᮡ   8-⮢   	  ᫮,
࠭稢饥 ᬥ饭   -128  +127.
..     ᫮  室	  ⢨  ⮫쪮
 ᥣ, ॣ ᥣ   ⢮.

:
       JECXZ   LABEL_E
:
  ⢮.
   :
뢠 13  , ᫨      ਥ
 ᯮ⥫ ᮬ,  訬, 祬 FFFFh 	ᥣ
CS.
   :
᪫⥫쭠  " ⠭⭮ " (᪫祭 13)
  訡 0000h  ਥ  ᥣ   CS 
,	᫨  ᫨         ਥ	
ᯮ⥫	ᮬ   ।  ᥣ.  ᪫⥫쭠
  "  "  (᪫祭  11)   訡
ᥫ ᥣ  , ᫨ ࠭   祭
 ᥣ CS,  騩.
᪫⥫쭠  "⪠ ࠭" (᪫祭 14)  
訡	  ⪠      ᮬ  ⪠  室  
ॣ CR2.
    8086:
 ,    ॠ쭮  ०,        饭
०  ஢ ਢ 0. ଠ ⥪  ஢ ਢ
0 ᫥ ᪫祭 (   訡)    뢠  (  
訡)   .12.2. ᪫⥫쭠  "⪠"
࠭"   訡  ⪠     ᮬ  ⪠
室  ॣ CR2.


			    - 262 -
    ͻ
    JMP   室   (    饭 ०)
    ͼ
			    :
	JMP				   ᫥⥫쭮
					      ()
			      0		 1
אַ,⪮ 	 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1  8-⮢ ᬥ饭
ᬥ饭
אַ  ᬥ饭	 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1   ᬥ饭
ᢥ  ᮫⭮-  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  mod: 1 0 0 : r/m
 
אַ			 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0  ᮫ ,
ᥣ				   ᥣ
ᢥ		 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  mod: 1 0 1 : r/m
ᥣ

			    :
RELOAD EIP FROM OPERAND;
RELOAD CS FROM OPERAND;

			   :
JMP  ᥣ ⥪饣   㪠⥫ 
 ⮣, ⮡    믮    .    JMP
믮  ᥣ ⥪饣 , ॣ ᥣ 
 ⢮.
 ᥣ JMP   ॠ쭮 ०   ०
㠫쭮 8086, 㪠⥫   ॣ ᥣ   
  稭	࠭,  ⮡    믮   
ணࠬ.
 JMP    饭 ०, ⢨, 믮塞
80386,	    쭮  ᫮묨,  ᮣ᭮      
ﭨ ᥫ ਥ:
1.ᥣ  室  ⥪饬 ஢ ਢ (DPL=CPL),
2.ᥣ   ᮣᮢ       室	  	
ਢ஢ ஢ (DPL < CPL),
3.४⥫ 맮,
4.ᥣ ﭨ  
5.४⥫ .

:
JMP    LABEL_A
  :
JMP       	(..
ॣ୮) :

			    - 263 -
   RPL ᥫ ਥ    ᫥ < CPL	ELSE
᪫⥫쭠  " ⠭⭮ " (  訡
ᥫ ᥣ ).
   ਯ DPL   ᫥ = CPL ELSE ᪫祭
" ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 ᥫ ᥣ ).
       ।  ⠡  ᢮  ਯ
ELSE ᪫祭  " ⠭⭮  " (  訡 ᥫ
ᥣ )
  ⢮ ELSE ᪫祭 " "
( 訡 ᥫ ᥣ ).
   ⥫      । ᥣ   ELSE
᪫祭 " ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000h).
   㧨 ਯ ᥣ    ਯ  CS  (
  ணࠬ).
   㧨 ॣ CS ᥫ஬ ᥣ .
   㧨 EIP 㫥 ७ ( ).
   IF ࠧ ࠭ = 16 THEN EIP := EIP AND 0000FFFFh.
   ⠭  RPL ॣ CS  CPL.
JMP        :
   DPL ਯ   ᫥ < CPL ELSE ᪫祭
" ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 ᥫ ᥣ ).
       ।  ⠡  ᢮  ਯ
ELSE ᪫祭  " ⠭⭮  " (  訡 ᥫ
ᥣ )
     ᥣ   ⢮ ELSE ᪫祭 "
" ( 訡 ᥫ ᥣ ).
   ⥫     । ᥣ  ELSE
᪫祭 " ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000h).
   㧨 ਯ ᥣ    ਯ CS (
  ணࠬ).
   㧨 ॣ CS ᥫ஬ ᥣ .
   㧨 EIP 㫥 ७ ( ).
   IF ࠧ ࠭ = 16 THEN EIP := EIP AND 0000FFFFh.
   ⠭  RPL ॣ CS  CPL.
JMP     :
   DPL ४⥫ 맮    ᫥ > CPL ELSE
᪫祭 "  ⠭⭮  "  (  訡  ᥫ
४⥫ 맮).
   DPL ४⥫ 맮    ᫥ > RPL ELSE
᪫祭 "  ⠭⭮  "  (  訡  ᥫ
४⥫ 맮).
   ४⥫  맮   ⢮ ELSE ᪫祭
"  "  (  訡  ᥫ  ४⥫
맮).
   믮  ᥫ ᥣ    	४⥫
맮:
         㫥	ELSE  ᪫祭  "
⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000h).
         ।  ⠡  ᢮
ਯ  ELSE ᪫祭  " ⠭⭮  " (
訡 ᥫ ᥣ )
      AR  ࠭  ਯ       ᥣ
  ELSE  ᪫祭	"  ⠭⭮  "   (   訡
ᥫ ᥣ ).

			    - 264 -
    IF ᮣᮢ ᥣ 
    THEN
     DPL ࠭ ਯ   < CPL ELSE ᪫祭
"  ⠭⭮  "  (  訡  ᥫ ᥣ )
    ELSE
     DPL ࠭ ਯ   < CPL ELSE ᪫祭
"  ⠭⭮  "  (  訡  ᥫ ᥣ )
    ⠭  RPL ॣ CS  CPL.
         ⢮	ELSE  ᪫祭  "
"( 訡 ᥫ ᥣ ).
    ⥫      । ᥣ   ELSE
᪫祭 " ⠭⭮ " ( 訡 0000h).
    IF ࠧ ࠭ = 32
    THEN 㧨 CS:EIP  ४⥫ 맮.
    ELSE 㧨 CS:IP  ४⥫ 맮.
    㧨 ਯ CS   ਯ CS.
    ⠭  RPL ॣ CS  CPL.
JMP     :
४⥫   DPL      >  CPL  ELSE  ᪫祭
"⨬ TSS" ( 訡 ᥫ ४⥫).
४⥫ 맮  DPL      >  RPL  ELSE  ᪫祭
"⨬ TSS" ( 訡 ᥫ ४⥫).
 ४⥫ 맮  ⢮ ELSE ᪫祭 "
" ( 訡  ᥫ ४⥫).
 ஢ ᥫ TSS,   ४⥫ :
  ⫨  쭮 ਯ (GDT)    
  (TI) ELSE  ᪫祭 "⨬ TSS" (
訡	ᥫ TSS).
     । GDT ELSE ᪫祭 "⨬
TSS" ( 訡  ᥫ TSS).
  ࠢ 㯠  ਯ  TSS       ELSE
᪫祭 "⨬ TSS" ( 訡 ᥫ TSS).
  ﭨ     ⢮  ELSE  ᪫祭
" " ( 訡  ᥫ TSS).
      ,      NT	
EFLAG)  ,  ᥫ஬ TSS.
EIP        ।	ᥣ  	ELSE   ᪫祭
"⨬ TSS" ( 訡 0000h)
JMP       :
TSS DPL   > CPL ELSE ᪫祭 "⨬ TSS" (
訡 ᥫ TSS).
TSS DPL   > RPL ELSE ᪫祭 "⨬ TSS" (
訡 ᥫ TSS).
  ࠢ 㯠 ਯ TSS     TSS ELSE
᪫祭 "⨬ TSS" ( 訡 ᥫ TSS).
 ४⥫   ⢮ ELSE ᪫祭 "
" ( 訡  ᥫ ४⥫).

			    - 265 -
      ,      NT	
EFLAG)  ,  ᥫ஬ TSS.
EIP        ।	ᥣ  	ELSE   ᪫祭
"⨬ TSS" ( 訡 0000h)
:
     ,  ४⥫    
  饭 ०.
   :
뢠 13  , ᫨    ࠭    
 ᯮ⥫ ᮬ, 訬, 祬 FFFFh   ᥣ
CS, DS, ES, FS  GS. 뢠 12    ,  ᫨  
  ࠭         ᯮ⥫	ᮬ,
訬, 祬 FFFFh  ⥪ ᥣ SS.
   :
᪫⥫쭠	   " ⠭⭮  "   (᪫祭
13)     訡  0000h   ࠭	ᥣ⮢  
CS, DS, ES,  FS    GS,  ᫨  ࠭   筨	 
⠥  ᥣ⮬  ,    ᫨        ࠭
   ᯮ⥫   ᮬ      ।	ᥣ.
᪫祭  ⥪      訡  0000h	  ࠭	
ᥣ   ⥪,   ᫨          ࠭	 
ᯮ⥫ ᮬ  । ᥣ. ᪫祭 ⥪	
 訡 ᥫ	ᥣ    ,  ᫨  ࠭	
 室  ᥣ SS  ન஢,    騩.
᪫⥫쭠	  "  "  (᪫祭  11)
    訡 ᥫ  ᥣ,  ᫨  ࠭	
	室    ᥣ	DS,  ES,   FS,	 GS      ⬥祭
騬. ᪫⥫쭠  " "
    訡 ᥫ  ᥣ,  ᫨  ࠭	
	室    ᥣ	DS,  ES,   FS,	 GS      ⬥祭
騬.   ᪫⥫쭠      "⪠    ࠭"
(᪫祭 14)   訡   ⪠  	  ᮬ
⪠ 室  ॣ CR2. ᪫⥫쭠  
ﭨ  (᪫祭 10)      訡  ᥫ  
ᮣᮢ⥩   ﭨ    ,  ᫨
⢮ ४⥫ .
    8086:
  , 	  ॠ쭮  ०,      饭
०  ஢ ਢ 0. ଠ ⥪  ஢ ਢ
0 ᫥ ᪫祭 (   訡)    뢠  (  
訡)   .12.2. ᪫⥫쭠  "⪠"
࠭"   訡  ⪠     ᮬ  ⪠
室  ॣ CR2.


			    - 266 -
	  ͻ
	  LAHF 	㧪 AH ॣ  EFLAG.
	  ͼ
			    :
	    Ŀ
LAHF	    10011111
	    
			    :
	AH <   ॣ EFLAG

			   :
   LAHF 㦠 AH ॣ   ⮬ EFLAG.  MSB
  LSB	AH  ਭ  稭  SF,  ZF,   ।,   AF,
।, PF, ।, CF.
 :
		 2 ⠪ 0,1   20 .
:
   ⢮.
   :
.
   :
.
    8086:
.


			    - 267 -
	     ͻ
	     LAR	     ࠢ 㯠 㧪
	     ͼ
			    .
LAR
		       0		  1        2
		 - - - - - - - -  - - - - - - - -  - - - - - - -
		 0 0 0 1 1 1 1	 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0  md: reg : r/m

			    :
IF ACCESS IS VALID
  GENERAL REGISTER <-- ACCESS RIGHTS OF GIVEN SELECTOR;
  ZF <-- 1;
ELSE
  ZF <-- 0;

			   :
LAR- 饭  ०.  LAR  ࠭  ᪨㥬  
ண DWORD ਯ ᥫ  筨,  ᫨  ਯ
   CPL (᫠ ᥫ RPL).
஥ ᪨஢ DWORD 믮 ।⢮ ᫮  DWORD
  00F0FF00h.
᫨ ࠧ஬ ࠭   WORD,     ⮬  砥
㦠 ⮫쪮 WORD (  DWORD  筮  ᪨).
᪨㥬 稭 - FF00h.
᫨ ⨯ ਯ 㯥 CPL  (᫠  ।⢮  RPL
ᥫ),    ZF  ⠭,    ⨢   砥   ZF
뢠.
 ਯ ᥣ  ४⥫  ⢨⥫묨
 㯭묨, ᫨ CPL (᫠ ।⢮ RPL ᥫ)	<
DPL ਯ  ४⥫.

:
LAR   ECX, DESCRIPTOR_PTR  ; 㧨 r/m ࠭,
			    ஢ ࠭    ࠢ
			    㯠 ਯ  ४⥫.
 :
 ࠭ ॣ:	  15 ⠪⮢ 0.75   20 
 ࠭ :	  16 ⠪⮢ 0.8   20 
:
ZF ᠭ  ࠧ  .  㣨 䫠  .
   :
뢠 6. LAR,  饭 ०,  ᯮ 
ॠ쭮 ०.
   :
 ,    ADD.
    8086:
  , 	  ॠ쭮  ०,      饭
०  ஢ ਢ 0. ଠ ⥪  ஢ ਢ
0 ᫥ ᪫祭 (   訡)    뢠  (  
訡)   .12.2. ᪫⥫쭠  "⪠"
࠭"   訡  ⪠     ᮬ  ⪠
室  ॣ CR2.


			    - 268 -
		ͻ
		LEA	  㧪 ࠢ 㯠
		ͼ
			     ଠ
	   0	       1
	Ŀ
LEA	 10001101 ०ॣॣ/
	

			    㭪
GENERAL REGISTER  EFFECTIVE ADRESS;

			    ᠭ
     LEA   䥪⨢	    ᮮ⢥⢨	
। ᯮᮡ 樨.䥪⨢   
 ᫮,᫨ ᯮ 32-⮢  ࠧ  ,  
᫮,᫨ ᯮ 16-⮢ ࠧ .   
 ।    䥪⨢    祭  
ᮮ⢥⢨  ॣ஬ - ਥ.

ਬ:
LEA	 ECX,[EDX][4*ESI]DOLLAR
    ᫨  EDX=00000034h,  ESI=00000052h    DOLLAR=00007289h,  
१⮬  믮      LEA      ਬ	 
ECX=00007405h.  - ᫥ 䥪⨢ .
६ ࠪ⨪
    2-⠪⮢  (); 0,1   20 
᫨ 䥪⨢  ᮤন  2  ॣ,    ਬ,  
 LEA ॡ  ⥫  ⠪⮢  .筮
,   䥪⨢   ,   砥	2
ॣ,ॡ 1 ⥫ ⠪⮢ .

 ⠭
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
뢠 6; ᫨ ன ࠭  ॣ஬.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
᪫⥫쭠  "   樨"  (᪫⥫쭠
  6),᫨  ன  ࠭  -	ॣ.   ᪫⥫쭠
 6  ⠫  ⥪  訡.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
 ,  饭 ०


			    - 269 -
	  ͻ
	  LEAVE      ᮪஢ 楤 室
	  ͼ
			     ଠ
	Ŀ
LEAVE	 11001001 
	
			    㭪:
	 ESP	  EBP	 (⢨  ஭ ࠧ )
	 EBP	  POP()  (⢨  ஭ ࠭)
			   ᠭ:
   ⢨  LEAVE ⭮ ⢨  ENTER. ESP,EBR
⠭ 祭, 뫨   ENTER.

ਬ:
	 LEAVE
	 RET
६ ࠪ⨪:
4 ; 0,2   20 .

 ⠭
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
 ,   ADD
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
 ,   ADD
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
 ,   ADD


			    - 270 -
    ͻ
    LGDT  㧨 ॣ ⠡  ਯ஢
    ͼ
			    ଠ:
	   0       1	     2
	Ŀ
LGDT	 10001101  00000001 ०010ॣ/
	
			    㭪:
	 IF   (ADRESS SIZE=32)
       THEN
	 GDTR.LIMIT: GDTR.BASE  MEMORY 16:24;(㦠
						   24  
						       )
       ELSE
	 GDTR.LIMIT:GDTR.BASE   MEMORY 16:32;(㦠
						   32  
						      )
			   :
    LGDT 㦠 ࠭筮 祭    	
ॣ    ⠡    쭠    ਯ஢.	  ࠧ
⠭ ࠧ  ࠧ饭    ⠡  
ਯ஢.
    LGDT      樮  ⥬.    筮
砥  	 ணࠬ   ॠ쭮	 ०      ⥬
樧    饭  ०.஬  ⮣  
LGDT 믮  饭  ०    CPL=0.    饭
० ⮫쪮  LGDT  LIDT  믮  㧪	
  ॣ.

:
	 LGDT	      GDT_INFO	;⠭ ࠧ 
				;࠭筮 祭 ⠡
				; ਯ஢,
				;ᮮ⢥騥 
				; ,
				;GDT_INFO
६ ࠪ⨪:
11 ; 0,55   20 .
:
 ⠭
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD;
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
 ᪫⥫쭠     "⠭⭠   "(᪫⥫쭠
 13)   訡 0000h,᫨ CPL  ࠢ 0.	⠫
᪫⥫ 樨-⠪  ,   ADD
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
 ᪫⥫쭠     "⠭⭠   "(᪫⥫쭠
 13)   訡 0000h,᫨ CPL=3( ࠢ 0).


			    - 271 -
   ͻ
   LIDT      㧪 ॣ ⠡ ⥫ 뢠
   ͼ
			    :
	   0       1	     2
	Ŀ
LIDT	 00001111  00000001 ०011ॣ/
	

			    㭪:
    IF	(OPERAND SIZE =32)
    THEN
	 IDTR.LIMIT: IDTR.BASE  MEMORY 16:24;(㦠
						   24  
						       )
       ELSE
	 IDTR.LIMIT:IDTR.BASE   MEMORY 16:32;(㦠
						   32  
						      )
			   :
    LIDT 㦠 ࠭筮 祭    	
ॣ    ⠡    ਯ஢    뢠,⠪	  ࠧ
⠭ ࠧ  ࠧ饭 ⠡ ਯ஢  뢠
 .
    LIDT      樮   ⥬.   筮
   	 ணࠬ    ॠ쭮    ०,᫨	  ⥬
樠    饭  ०.஬  ⮣  LIDT
믮   饭  ०  ⮫쪮    LGDT    LIDT
믮 㧪    ॣ.

:
	 LIDT	      IDT_INFO	;⠭ ࠧ 
				;࠭筮 祭 ⠡
				;ਯ஢ 뢠,
				;ᮮ⢥騥 
				; ,
				;IDT_INFO
६ ࠪ⨪:
11 ; 0,55   20 .
:
 ⠭
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD;
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
 ᪫⥫쭠     "⠭⭠   "(᪫⥫쭠
 13)   訡 0000h,᫨ CPL  ࠢ 0.	⠫
᪫⥫ 樨-⠪  ,   ADD
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
 ᪫⥫쭠     "⠭⭠   "(᪫⥫쭠
 13)   訡 0000h,᫨ CPL=3( ࠢ 0).


			    - 272 -
  ͻ
  LDS/LES/LFS/LGS/LSS	  㧪  㪠⥫  ॣ
  			  ᥣ :ॣ 饣 祭 
  ͼ
			    :
	   0	       1
	Ŀ
LDS	 11000101 ०ॣॣ/
	
	   0	       1
	Ŀ
LES	 11000100  ०ॣॣ/
	
	   0       1	       2
	Ŀ
LFS	 00001111  10110100 ०ॣॣ/
	
	   0       1	        2
	Ŀ
LGS	 00001111  10110101 ०ॣॣ/
	
	   0       1		 2
	Ŀ
LSS	 00001111  10110010 ०ॣॣ/
	

			    - 273 -
			    㭪:
    IF	 (OPERAND SIZE=32)
    THEN
    BEGIN
  GENERAL REGISTER   EFFECTIVE ADRESS  ;  (32-⮢	䥪⨢-
					    )
  SEGMENT REGISTER   EFFECTIVE ADRESS  4;  (16-⮢	ᥫ)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
  GENERAL REGISTER   EFFECTIVE ADRESS ;    (16-⮢	䥪⨢-
					     )
  SEGMENT REGISTER   EFFECTIVE ADRESS +2 ; (16- ⮢ ᥫ)
			    ᠭ
      㦠    㪠⥫.  㪠-
⥫	⮨  ࠢ (colrse), ᥫ ( -
樨 ⤥쭮 ᥣ)  䥪⨢  (ᬥ饭  ᥣ-
).  㦠  ॣ ᥣ, 䥪⨢  -
 -  ॣ 饣 祭.
      ந室  ᢠ  祭 ॣ ᥣ 
ॠ쭮  "㠫쭮 8086" ० 祭 ᥫ  ᤢ-
  4 樨   ᫥   -
  ᥣ. ᫨ ᢠ 室  饭 ०, 
  ࠭筮 祭 ᥣ 㦠  ப  ⠡-
 ਯ⮢,   ᥣ.

ਬ
	LDS  DATA SEG		   ⠭  ᥣ,
				   ᮮ⢥饣 ᥫ  
				    DATA SEG
६ ࠪ⨪
      "㠫 8086" ०:
    7; 0,35   20 
饭 ०:
    22; 1,1   20

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD;
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,    ADD


			    - 274 -
   ͻ
   LLDT      㧪 ॣ ⠡  ਯ஢
   ͼ
			     ଠ
	   0      1	        2
	Ŀ
LLDT	 00001111  00000000  ०  000  ॣ/ 
	

			    㭪
	    LDTR    SELECTOR	     (16-⮢ ᥫ)
			    ᠭ
    LLDT  -   饭 ० LLDT 㦠 ᥫ 
ॣ ⠡  ਯ⮢. .. ⠭ ⠡-
    ਯ஢.        ࠭   ⠡
ਯ஢  㦠   ⠡ ਯ஢,  
 ᥣ.        ਯ  
⠡  ਯ஢ (ਯ ⨯ 2).
    ,  ᥫ    㫥.  ⠪ 砥 ⠡-
  ਯ஢ ⠥  ୮      뫪
ਯ஢     ⠡ 뢠  ᪫⥫ -
   (᪫ 뫪  LAR, LSL,  VERR    VERW,
ࠧࠡ⠭   㯠  㥬 ᥫࠬ "⢮
ࠧ".
    LLDT -  ਢ஢   㯭  -
 ⮫쪮  㫥 ஢ ਢ஢.

ਬ
   LLDT   INITIAL LD	  ⠭ ⠡ 
			  ९஢, ᮮ⢥ ᥫ
			    INITIAL LDT
६ ࠪ⨪
		      20; 1,0   20 

     ⠭
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
    뢠 6,  LLDT 饭  ॠ쭮 ०.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
    ᪫⥫쭠  "⠭⭠ "  (᪫⥫쭠
 13)   訡 0000h, ᫨ CPL=0.
    ᪫⥫쭠    "⠭⭠ "   訡
訡筮 ᥫ, ᫨ ࠭-ᥫ  뫠   ⠡-
    ਯ஢	  ਯ  쭮 ⠡
ਯ஢. ⠫ ᪫⥫ 樨 - ⠪  ,  
  ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫쭮 8086"
    ᪫⥫쭠  "  樨" (᪫⥫-
  6). LLDT 饭  ० "㠫 8086".


			    - 275 -
   ͻ
   LMSW	 㧪 ॣ ᫮ ﭨ ࠺
   ͼ
			     ଠ
	    0       1	        2
	 Ŀ
LMSW	  00001111  00000001  ०  110  ॣ/
	 

			    㭪
	MSW    16-bit operand	(MSW (᫮ ﭨ )
				- 騥 16 ⮢  CRO)

			    ᠭ
    LMSW  - 㦠   CRO  筨 ࠭.
  ⭮,  㤥 ᯮ짮 	ய-
 80386 MOV CRO, SOURCE. ( LMSW ᯥ稢 ᮢ-
⨬   樨   80286).
    LMSW      樮  ⥬.    筮
砥  ணࠬ  ॠ쭮 ०  80286    ⥬
樠    饭 ०.   
ᯮ짮  ४祭  (室)  	饭  ०
।⢮ ⠭  PE  CRO.  ⠪ 砥   
᫥  ᥣ  室  窨 , -
  ॠ쭮 ०,  । ।롮ન .

ਬ
	LMSW   IDT INFO 	   㦠   CRO
६ ࠪ⨪
    ࠭  ॣ:		 ; 0,5    20 
    ࠭  :			 ; 0,65   20 

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
    ᪫⥫쭠  "⠭⭠ "  (᪫⥫쭠
 13)   訡 000h, ᫨ CPL=0. ⠫  ᪫-
⥫ 樨 ⠪ ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫쭮 8086"
    ᪫⥫쭠    "⠭⭠ "   訡
000h, ᫨ CPL ࠢ 3 ( ࠢ 0).


			    - 276 -
      ͻ
      LODSB/LODSW/LODSD	   㧨 ப 
      ͼ
			     ଠ
				Ŀ
LODSB/LODSW/LODSD		 1010110W 
				

			    㭪
   IF (OPERAND SZZE = DWORD)	      (㧪 ࠭ 
				       EAX/AX/AC)
 THEN
   EAX	 SOURCE INPEX
   ELSE  IF (OPERAND SIZE = WORD)
 THEN
   AX	SOORCE INDEX
  ELSE				   (ࠧ ࠭ - )
   AL	SOURCE INDEX
   IF (ADRESS SIZE = 32) THEN	   (䨪  
					   筨)
   ADYUST EST
  ELSE
   ADYUST SI			   (ࠧ  - 16 )
			    ᠭ
    LODS  㦠 ࠭  "ப " - 筨. -
ࠧ㬥,   ப    ᨢ  ⮢,	᫮  
  ᫮  ( ᨬ  ࠧ ࠭  ப -
). ᫥ ⮣,  뫪 ந  ॣ -
稪 ⮬᪨  (㢥稢   	
ᮮ⢥⢨  DF)  稭 ࠢ ࠧ ࠭.
    ᫨  ࠧ   -  ᫮,  ࠭ (室
ப) - ESI . Lelare 室 ࠭ - SI . ࠢ쭮 祭
 㦠  믮  LODS.

ਬ
    LODSW			   㦠  ᫮  ப
..  ॣ 筨    㦠    -
짮  ⮩ ,   LODSW/W/D  砥
 横  ᯮ  믮 ᪮쪨 権.
६ ࠪ⨪
		    STI; 0,25   20 
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,    ADD.


			    - 277 -
	ͻ
	LOOP		   믮 横  㬥 ECX
	ͼ
			     ଠ
		    0	    1
		 Ŀ
LOOP		  11100010  8-⮢ ᬥ饭 
		 

			    㭪
   IF  (ECX < > 0) THEN
   EIP	EIP + DISPLASEMENT		 (ᬥ饭 ⮫쪮 8-⮢)
	       (ᬥ饭)
			    ᠭ
    LOOP 㬥蠥 ॣ    䫠. 	
-  ECX	(᫨  ࠧ  - 32 )  CX (᫨ ࠧ  - 16
) - 㬥蠥  稪 権     ஢  (
䫠    ). ᫨ ॣ   ࠢ ,  
"⪨ 室"  ᯮ짮 8-⮢ ᬥ饭, 室饣
 ࠭. 饭 ਡ  稪 , ᮮ⢥饬
 ᫥饩 . ⨬, ,  ᬥ饭  -  8-⮢
稭  , ⮬ 祭 ᬥ饭 室  । 
- 128  +127.
    .., 믮  LOOP,  믮 室   ⮫쪮
 ᥣ,  ᮤন ॣ ᥣ  .

ਬ
    LOOP   LOOP START		   믮  ।  ॣ
				    ⢮ 権

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
    뢠 13, ᫨ 䥪⨢    ,  -
ன ᮢ蠥 室, , 祬 FFFFh  CS ᥣ.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
    ᪫⥫ 樨 "⠭⭠ " (᪫⥫쭠 -
 13)   訡 0000h?  CS ᥣ ,  ஬ -
⢫ 室, ᫨ 䥪⨢    ,  -
ன  ⢫  室,  室  । ᥣ. ᪫-
⥫쭠  "⢨" (᪫⥫쭠    11)    
訡	ࠢ	ᥫ ᥣ, ᫨ ࠭   祭  CS
ᥣ  騩.  ᪫⥫쭠  	"ࠢ
࠭"  (᪫⥫쭠  14)   訡 ࠢ  -
ࠢ   ᮬ ࠢ ࠭  ॣ CR2.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫쭮 8086"
     ,   ॠ쭮 ०,  ࠡ    饭
०	 㫥 ஢ ਢ஢. ଠ ⥪  ਢ-
஢ ० ᫥ ᪫⥫쭮 樨 (   訡)  
᫥  뢠  (  訡)   . 12.2. ஬ ⮣,
뢠 ᪫⥫쭠  "ࠢ ࠭"    訡-
,  ࠢ  ࠢ   ᮬ ࠢ ࠭
 ॣ CS2.


			    - 278 -
	 ͻ
	 LOOPE/LOOPZ	믮 横  㬥 ECX,
	 		᫨ 믮 ᫮       
	 ͼ
			     ଠ
			   0	   1
			Ŀ
LOOPE/LOOPZ		 11100001  8-⮢ ᬥ饭 
			
			    㭪
    IF	((ECX < >0 AND (ZF=1) THEN
    EIP   EIP + ᬥ饭		     ᬥ饭 ⮫쪮 8-⮢

			    ᠭ
    LOOP 㬥蠥 ᮤন ॣ 稪    䫠.
  稪 - ECX (᫨ ࠧ  32 )  CX (᫨ ࠧ-
  16 ⮢) - 㬥蠥  稪 権      
஢ ( 䫠  ). ᫨ ॣ 稪  㫥
  䫠  ࠢ⢠   ⠭,  ᮢ蠥 ⪨ 室,
ᯮ 8-⮢ ᬥ饭, 室饥  ࠭. 饭 ਡ-
  稪  ᮮ⢥饬 ,  ᫥饩  .
⨬,  ,   ᬥ饭 - ⮫쪮 8-⮢ 稭  .
 ࠭稢 祭 ᬥ饭  - 128  +127.
    ..   横  ᮢ 室 ⮫쪮  ᥣ-
,  ᮤন ॣ ᥣ  .

ਬ
    LOOPE  LOOP START	    믮 樨 ।  ॣ
			    稪,   ⢮ ࠧ 믮
			    ZF=1 (.. ᫮ ୮)

     .
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    LOOP.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    LOOP.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
      ,    LOOP.


			    - 279 -
    ͻ
    LOOPNE/LOORNZ	      믮 横  㬥 ECX,
    			      ᫨  믮 ᫮    
    ͼ
			     ଠ
			    0	    1
			Ŀ
LOOPNE/LOOPNZ		 11100000  8-⮢ ᬥ饭 
			
			    㭪
    IF	((ECX < >0 AND (ZF=1))THEN
    EIP    EIP + ᬥ饭		 (ᬥ饭 ⮫쪮 8-⮢)

			    ᠭ
    LOOP 㬥蠥 ᮤন ॣ 稪   䫠.|
 稪 - ECX (᫨ ࠧ  32 )  CX (᫨  ࠧ-
  16 ) - 㬥蠥  稪 権    -
 ( 䫠  ⠭). ᫨ ॣ 稪  㫥-
  	襭  䫠 ࠢ⢠ ,  ᮢ蠥 ⪨ 室,
ᯮ 8-⮢ ᬥ饭, 室饥  ࠭. 饭 ਡ-
  稪 , ᮮ⢥饬   ᫥饩  .
⨬,  ,   ᬥ饭 - ⮫쪮 8-⮢ 稭  .
 ࠭稢 祭 ᬥ饭  - 128  + 127.
   ..   横  ᮢ 室 ⮫쪮    ।
ᥣ,  ᮤন  ॣ ᥣ, ᮤন ॣ ᥣ
 .

ਬ
    LOOPNE  LOOP START 믮 樨 ⢮ ࠧ, ।
		        ॣ 稪,   ZF=0	(..  ᫮
		        믮)

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    LOOP.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    LOOP.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,    LOOP.


			    - 280 -
    ͻ
    LSL      㧪 ࠭筮 祭 ᥣ  ॣ
    ͼ
			     ଠ
	   0     1	        2
       Ŀ
LSL     00001111  00000011  mod  red    	  r/m	    
       	  	     ०ॣ  ॣ/
       
			    㭪
      IF  ACCESS IS VALID		   ( )
   THEN
	GENERAL REGISTER   SEGMENT LIMIT OF GIVEN SELECTOR
(ॣ 饣 祭     ࠭祭 ᥣ  
					 ᥫ)
	ZF  1
   ELSE
	ZF  0

			    ᠭ
    LSL    饭 ०, LSL 㦠 ࠧ-
  ⠢  (஢)  ࠭筮  祭
ᥣ  ਯ, ᫨ ਯ  ""  CPL
(᫠ RPL ᥫ).
    LSL 㦠  ࠭筮 祭 ᥣ. ᫨ ࠭-
 祭 ஢  ࠭栬  ਯ, LSL "।-
  (trauslate)    ࠭筮 ﭨ । 㧪
  ॣ-ਥ (ᤢ ஢  ࠭栬 ࠭-
 祭  12 ⮢ , ⥬    00000FFFh).
    ᫨ ⨯ ਯ 㯥  CPL (᫠ RPL-ᥫ-
) ⠭ ZF=1,  ZF=0
     ਯ ᥣ   㯭, ᫨ CPL (-
 RPL ᥫ) < DPL ਯ. , ४⥫
    ⮩ , ᪮      -
祭 (࠭筮 ).


			    - 281 -
ਬ
  LSL	ECX, DESERIPTOR PTR 㦠 ࠭  ॣ/,
			       ࠭筮  -
			    祭 ᥣ, ᮤঠ騥   -
			    ਯ
६ ࠪ⥯⨪
      ࠭筮  祭	 ࠭-ॣ: 20 ⠪⮢
ᮢ; 1,00   20.
     ࠭筮 祭  ࠭-: 21 ⠪⮢  -
; ;1,05   20 .
    ࠭筮 祭 ࠭  ࠭-ॣ: 25 ; 1,25
  20 .
    ࠭筮 票 ࠭  ࠭-: 26 ; 1,3 
 20.

      ZF ⠭,    "㭪樨", ⠫
䫠  ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
    뢠 6. LST- 饭 ०   ᯮ-
  ॠ쭮 ०.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,   ॠ쭮 ०,  ࠡ뢠   -
饭 ०  㫥 ஢ ਢ஢. ଠ -
  㫥 ஢ ਢ ᫥ ᪫⥫쭮 樨 -
  .12.2. ஬ ⮣, ᪫⥫쭠   "ࠢ-
 ࠭" (᪫⥫쭠  )   訡, ࠢ
  ࠢ   ᮬ ࠢ ࠭  -
 CR2.


			    - 282 -
	ͻ
	LTR			㧨 ॣ 稺
	ͼ
			     ଠ
	    0      1
	 Ŀ
LTR	  00001111  00000000  ०  001  ॣ/ 
	 

			    㭪
	TR    SELECTOR
	      ᥫ			 (16-⮢ ᥫ)

			    ᠭ
    LTR     饭 ०. LTR 㦠 -
  TR ( ).  ࠧ  ⠭  TSS
(ᥣ  ﭨ  ) .    稭 -
४祭 .  ࠧ饭  ࠭ TSS 㦠 
⠡ ਯ஢,     ᥫ.  
	뫠    ਯ TSS (⨯ ਯ 1
 9)  GDT (⠡  ਯ஢).
    LTR - ਢ஢ , 믮  ⮫쪮  ஢
ਢ 0.

ਬ
    LTR  INITIAL  TSS	  ⠭ ᥣ   ᮮ⢥-
			  ⢨  ᥫ஬   INITIAL TSS
६ ࠪ⨪
      ॣ: 23 ; 1,15   20 .
      : 27 ; 1,35   20 .

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
    뢠 6. LTR - 饭   ॠ쭮 ०.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
    ᪫⥫쭠  "⠭⭠ "  (᪫⥫쭠
  13)   訡 0000h, ᫨ CPL  ࠢ 0. ᪫-
⥫쭠  "⠭⭠ "   訡  "訡筮
ᥫ, ᫨ ࠭-ᥫ  뫠  GDT  ਯ-
  ᥣ ﭨ . ⠫ ᪫⥫ 樨
-⠪ ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
    ᪫⥫쭠   "    樨"  (᪫-
⥫쭠    6). LTR - 饭   ० "-
 8086".


			    - 283 -
     ͻ
     MOV	    ᫠ / ॣ 饣 祭
     ͼ
			     ଠ
	     0		  1
	    Ŀ ᫥-
 ॣ  1000100W  ०  ॣ  ॣ/  ⥫
 ॣ/  	              	     	 
	      ()
 AL/AX/EAX	 Ŀ
 	  1010001W   ᬥ饭
(⪮	 
஢)
 ॣ-  Ŀ
     1000101W  ०  ॣ  ॣ/ 
 ॣ   	              	     
	    
  
AL/AX/EAX	 Ŀ
(⪮	  10010000W   ᬥ饭
஢)	 
।-					       - |
⢥    Ŀ ।-
      1100011W  ०  ॣ  ॣ/  
ॣ/    	              	      
	    
।⢥     Ŀ   ।-
  ॣ      1011  W  ॣ    
		     

			    - 284 -
			    㭪
      DESTINATION	SOURCE
      (ਥ)       (筨)
		  
      DESTINATION	 IMMEDIATE DATA
			(।⢥
			     )

			    ᠭ
    뫠 筨 ࠭ (ࠧ饭  ॣ, 
 ।⢥   ਥ ࠭. 室 ࠭
⠥    ,  ࠭-ਥ १뢠 -
室묨 묨.

ਬ
   MOV	ECX, EDX		       EDX-筨
				       ECH-ਥ
᫨ ECX=00000034h  EDX=00000052h, 	  १  믮
	 ECX ਬ 祭 00000052h.  䫠  -
.
६ ࠪ⨪
      ॣ: 2 ; 0,1   20 
      : 2 ; 0,1   20 
       ॣ 4 ; 0,2   20 
    ।⢥
       ॣ 2 ; 0,1   20 
    ।⢥
       ॣ 2 ; 0,1   20 

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,    ADD.


			    - 285 -
       ͻ
       MOV		  뫪 / ॣ ᥣ⠺
       ͼ
			     ଠ
 ॣ/  Ŀ
 ᥣ	     10001110  ०  ᥣ.	  ॣ/ 
ॣ 	    	               ॣ     
		    
 ᥣ⭮	    Ŀ
ॣ 	     10001100  ०  ᥣ.	  ॣ/ 
ॣ/	    	               ॣ     
		    

			    㭪
  SEGMENT REGISTER    REGISTER/MEMORY	  (㪠 ᥣ-
 (ॣ ᥣ)   (ॣ/)	     ॣ)
  REGISTER/MEMORY     SEGMENT REGISTER	  ( ᮤ-
					   ᥣ⭮
					       ॣ)

			    ᠭ
      㧪 16-⮢ ॣ ᥣ   
   ॣ.    ⮩    ᥣ  ᯮ
16-⮢ ࠧ ࠭ ᨬ  ਡ  ࠭.
  	 㣨  MOV 筨 ࠭ ⠥ -
,  ਥ ࠭ १뢠 묨  筨.

ਬ
      MOV  DS, DATA AREA	     DS-ਥ
				     DATA AREA-筨, ᮤঠ-
				     騩 16-⮢ ᥫ, -
				      㦠  DS.
६ ࠪ⨪
㧪
     ॣ 饣 祭    18 ; 0,9   20 
     ᥣ ॣ
       ᥣ ॣ   19 ; 0,95   20 

     ᥣ⭮ ॣ  -
     饣 祭	     2 ; 0,1   20 
     ॣ ᥣ      2 ; 0,1   20 

     ⠭. 	     ᪫⥫ 樨
				      ᠭ


			    - 286 -
       ͻ
       MOV		 뫪 / ⥬ ॣ 
       ͼ
			     ଠ
 CRO/2/3 	Ŀ
ॣ   -  00001111  00100010  11  rrr  ॣ 
 祭	
 ॣ	Ŀ
饣 -	 00001111  00100000  11  rrr  ॣ 
祭  	
CRO/2/3
 DRO/1/2/36/7 Ŀ
 ॣ -  00001111  00100011  11  rrr  ॣ 
 祭	
 ॣ - Ŀ
饣 祭  00001111  00100001  11  rrr  ॣ 
 DRO/1/2/3/6/7 
 TR 6/7  - Ŀ
 饣	 00001111  00100110  11  rrr  ॣ 
祭	
 ॣ - Ŀ
饣 祭  00001111  00100100  11  rrr  ॣ 
TR 6/7		
  rrr	 CONTROL REGISTER      DEBUG REGISTER	 TEST REGISTER
       (ॣ ࠢ)   (ॣ ⫠) (ॣ -
						     )
		  000	   CRO	      DRO
		  001		      DR1
		  010	   CR2	      DR2
		  011	   CR3	      DR3
		  100
		  101
		  110		      DR6	      TR6
		  111		      DR7	      TR7

			    - 287 -
			    㭪
  SYSTEM  REGISTER    GENERAL REGISTER	       (㧪 ⥬-
(⥬ ॣ)   (ॣ 饣		   ॣ)
			祭)
			   
GENERAL  REGISTER     SYSTEM REGISTER	   ( ᮤন-
					     ⥬ -
						  )
			    ᠭ
      㧪 32-⮢ ⥬ ॣ஢ (-
 ࠢ, ॣ ⫠  ࠭筮 ८ࠧ)
 32 ⮢ ॣ 饣 祭.  ⮩  ᥣ-
 ᯮ 32-⮢ ࠧ ࠭ ᨬ  ਡ
 ࠭.    㣨  MOV 筨 ࠭ -
⠥    ਥ ࠭ १뢠 묨
 筨.

ਬ
      MOV  EAX, CR2	      EAX-ਥ,  CR2-筨,  
			      ਬ    ணࠬ,
			       ᫥  ࠢ
			      ࠭	  ணࠬ	ࠡ⪨
			      ࠢ ࠭
६ ࠪ⨪
㧪
     ॣ  CRO/2/3     10 ; 0,5   20 
     ॣ  DR 0-3      11 ; 1,1   20 
     ॣ  DR 6/7      16 T; 0,8   20 
     ॣ  TR 6/7      12 ; 0,6   20 

     CRO/2/3  ॣ      6 ; 0,3   20 
     DRO/3    ॣ      22 ; 1,1   20 
     DR 6/7   ॣ      14 ; 0,7   2 
     TR 6/7   ॣ      12 ; 0,6   20 

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
    .    ᯮ짮  ॠ쭮 ०.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
    ᪫⥫쭠   "⠭⭠ " (᪫⥫쭠
 13)   訡 0000h, ᫨ ⥪騩 ஢  ਢ-
  㫥.  饭 ०    믮
⮫쪮  ஢ ਢ஢ 0.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫쭮 8086"
    ᪫⥫쭠    "⠭⭠ "   訡
0000h, ᫨ ந ⪠ 믮 .   ந-
 ⮬,   ० "㠫 8086" CPL=3.


			    - 288 -
      ͻ
      MOVSB/MOVSW/MOVSD	   ᫠ ப  
       			  (᫮   ᫮)
      ͼ
			     ଠ
				 Ŀ
MOVSB/MOVSD/MOVSD		  1010010W 
				 

			    㭪
    DESTINATION 	  SOURCE		 (	    )
    (ਥ)		(筨)		  ࠭)
    IF (ADRESS SIZE=32)  THEN
       (ࠧ )
       (ADYUST ESIAND EDI;     (⠭ ᮢ  筨
					  ਥ)
ELSE				   (᫨ ࠧ  16)
    ADYUST SI and DI

			    ᠭ
    뫠	࠭  ப -筨  "ப -
" -  ਥ.  ࠧ㬥,    ப  -    ᨢ
⮢,  ᫮   ᫮ ( ᨬ  ࠧ ࠭
 ப ). ᫥ ⮣,	  뫪	ந,  -
  ॣ  稪  ਥ ⮬᪨ 
(㢥稢  㬥, ᨬ  DF) 	稭,
ࠢ ࠧ ࠭.
    ᫨ ࠧ   -  ᫮,  室 -
  - [ESI],  ࠭-ਥ  ES: [EDI].  ࠭
- [SI]  [DI]. 㧪 ࠢ 祭 ᮢ ந
। 믮  MOVS'.

ਬ
    MOVSD	      ࠢ ⮢ ࠭  ப ⮢
			    
REP MOVSD	       MOVS,   "" ECX.
		      (. . 457)
    .. ॣ 筨  ਥ   㦥  
ᯮ짮 ⮩ , MOVS  砥  横  -
  믮 ᪮쪨 権.
६ ࠪ⨪
     ७: 7 ; 0,35   20 
     ७:  1 4 n ; (0,35 +0,2n   2 
    (n - ᫮ 믮塞 権)

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० 㠫쭮 8086"
     ,    ADD.


			    - 289 -
      ͻ
      MOVSX	     뫪 ,   
      ͼ
			     ଠ
	    0      1		   2
	 Ŀ
	  00001111  1011111W  ०  ॣ  ॣ/ 
	 	    	              	     
	 

			    㭪
    DESTINATION  SIGN - EXTEND (SOURCE BYTE)
    (ਥ)  (	 (室
		    )	   )

			    ᠭ
    뫠	室  ࠭ (  ॣ    -
)  ਥ ࠭ ࠧ஬ ᫮    ᫮,  -
  . 筨 ࠭ ⠥  , -
 ࠭ १뢠 묨, ७묨 .

ਬ
    MOVSX  ECX, DL	   ECT	砥 , ७ 
			    DL
६ ࠪ⨪
     ॣ  ॣ: 3; 0,15   20 
       ॣ:   6 ; 0,3   20 

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,    ADD.


			    - 290 -
    ͻ
    MOVZX		뫪    㫥
    ͼ
			     ଠ
	 0	    1
      Ŀ
       00001111  1011011W  ०  ॣ  ॣ/ 
      

			    㭪
	    DESTINATION     ZERO-EXTEND (SOURCE BYTE)
	    (ਥ)	    (७   (室
			      㫥)	    )

			    ᠭ
    뫠	 筨 ࠭ (  ॣ   
)  ਥ ࠭ (᫮ 	  ᫮)  ࠭,
    㫥. 筨 ࠭ ⠥  , 
ਥ १뢠 室묨 묨, ७묨 㫥.

ਬ
     MOVSX  EBX, BL    EBX 砥   BL, ७ 㫥
६ ࠪ⨪
     뫪 
		ॣ  ॣ  3; 0,15   20 
		   ॣ 6; 0,3   20 

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,    ADD.


			    - 291 -
	 ͻ
	 MUL		         
	 ͼ
			     ଠ
	      0	        1
	   Ŀ
	    1111011W  ०  110  ॣ/ 
	   

			    㭪
       AL/AX/EAX      DESTINATION  SOURCE
		      (ਥ)    (筨)

       AL/AX/EAX      DESTINATION  IMMEDIATE DATA
		      (ਥ)    (।⢥-
				       )

			    ᠭ
    MUL 믮 㬭  .  MUL ᯮ -
 AL/AX/EAX  ਥ १   ᮬ⥫.

ਬ
			 MUL   ECX  EDX
᫨  ECX=00000034h  EDX=00000032h,   १ 믮
 樨  ECX 㤥 000010A8h.
६ ࠪ⨪
    MUL ᯮ  (larby-finish) ࠭ 砭. -
㥬  襭  ᫮ 横 । 樥
饣   ⨬㥬 ᮬ⥫.
 ॣ  AL/AX/EAX: 9-41 ; 0,45-2,05   20 
      AL/AX/EAX: 12-44 ; 0,6-2,2   20 

    OF  CF ⠭  ᠭ  ਫ .
    SF, ZF, AF  PF  ।. ⠫ 䫠  .
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,    ADD.


			    - 292 -
	   ͻ
	   NEG 			஢
	   ͼ
			     ଠ
		 0		     1
	     Ŀ
	     	1111011W  ०  011  ॣ/ 
	     

			    㭪
	    DESTINATION    0  - DESTENATION
	    (ਥ)	  (0 -	ਥ)

			    ᠭ
    ࠭ . ࠭ ᯮ  ਥ
१.

ਬ		       NEG   EAX
    ᫨ EAX=00000281h,   १  믮 
EAX 㤥 ࠢ FFFFFD7Fh.
६ ࠪ⨪
    -ॣ    2 ; 0,1   20 
    -     7 ; 0,35   20 
    -ॣ     6 ; 0,3   20 
    ।⢥
     - ॣ   2 ; 0,1   20 
    ।⢥
     -     7 ; 0,35   20 

    OF, CF, SF, ZF, AF  PF ⠭,   
ਫ . ⠫ 䫠  .
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,    ADD.


			    - 293 -
	    ͻ
	    NOP			 樨
	    ͼ
			     ଠ
			   Ŀ
			    10010000 
NOP			   

			    㭪
     EIP	     㢥稢  ᫥饩 
(稪 )

			    ᠭ
        믮   ⢥ 㭪権. 稪
 㢥稢  ᫥饩 . NOP - 㣠 -
  XCHG AX, AX.
६ ࠪ⨪
		       ; 0,15   20 

     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨   ० .


			    - 294 -
	 ͻ
	 NOT			   ᪮ 
	 ͼ
			     ଠ
	     Ŀ
NOT	      1111011W  ०  010  ॣ/ 
	     

			    㭪
		  DESTINAT FON	      DESTINATION
			    ᠭ
    믮 ⮢ ᪮   ࠭.  ࠭
 ᯮ  ਥ १.

ਬ
	   NOT	 ECX
    ᫨  ECX=90AD9034h,   १ 믮  祭
ECX 㤥 6F526FCDh.
६ ࠪ⨪
    -ॣ	2;   0,1   20 
    -	7 ;  0,35   20 
    -ॣ	6 ;  0,3  20 
    ।⢥
     - ॣ	2 ;  0,1   20 
    ।⢥
     - 	7 ;,35   20 

    OF=0;  CF=0;  SF, ZF  PF	⠢  ᠭ 
ਫ 2. ⠫ 䫠  ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,    ADD.


			    - 295 -
	   ͻ
	   OR				᪮ 
	   ͼ
			     ଠ
		    0	        1
		Ŀ
ॣ-ॣ  000010dW  ०  ॣ  ॣ/ 
		
		Ŀ
ॣ-	 0000100W  ०  ॣ  ॣ/ 
		
		Ŀ
/ॣ	 0000101W  ०  ॣ  ॣ/ 
		
		Ŀ
।⢥-	 100000SW  ०  001  ॣ/   
  -		   	   	       
-ॣ	
।⢥	 Ŀ
 - AL/AX/EAX	  0000110W   
(⪮ -	   
)

			    㭪
	   DESTINATION	    DESTINATION  V  SOURCE

	   DESTINATION	    DESTINATION  V  IMMEDIATE DATA

			    ᠭ
    믮  ⭮	      ࠭. 
࠭  ᯮ  ਥ १.

ਬ
	       OR   EBX, EDI
᫨ EBX=00AD9034h, EDI=03800052h,  	  १  믮
⮩  㤥 EBX=OBAD9070h.
६ ࠪ⨪
     -ॣ	2 ; 0,1   20 
     -	7 ; 0,355   20 
     -ॣ	6 ; 0,3   20 
     ।⢥
      - ॣ	2 ; 0,1   20 
     ।⢥
      - 	7 ; 0,35   20 

OF=0;  CF=0; SF, ZF   ⠭  ᠭ  ਫ
. ⠫ 䫠  ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ,    ADD.


			    - 296 -
	       ͻ
	       OUT			    뢮
	       ͼ
			     ଠ
			       Ŀ   8 ⮢ 
।⢥  (OO-FFh)  1110010W 	   
			       
						Ŀ
 , ।塞 ॣ஬ DX (0000-FFFFh)	 1110110 
						
			    㭪
    DESTINATION      PORT  DX	      (믮 )

			    ᠭ
    뢮 ࠭  AL/AX/EAX ( ᨬ  ࠧ ࠭-
   , ᫮   ᫮). ࠭ । 
, ।塞 ॣ஬ DX  ।⢥   .
        ᥣ 㯭  ॠ쭮 ०.  饭
०   㯭 ᥣ, ᫨ CPL < IOPL. ᫨  -
饭 ० CPL > IOPL,   ࠧ襭 -뢮  -
 ࠧ襭  .  ⢨⥫    ࠧ-
襭  뢮     ⠭  0  믮
-뢮.  ० "㠫 8086"   ࠧ襭  -
-뢮 । ࠧ襭   OUT.
OUT		 뢮 ࠭  , ।塞 ॣ஬ DX
६ ࠪ⨪
 ०
뢮   , ।塞	   10 ;     0,5   20 
।⢥  	-

塞  		   11;      0,55   20 
饭 ० CPL < IOPL
뢮  , ।塞	   4 ;      0,2   20 
।⢥  

塞  		   5 ;      0,25   20 
饭 ० CPL > IOPL
뢮  , ।塞	   24 ;     1,2   20 
।⢥ 

塞  		   25 ;     1,25   20 
 "㠫 8086"
뢮  , ।塞	   24 ;     1,2   20 
।⢥  

塞  		   25 ;     1,25   20 
			     
     ⠭.
᪫⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  饭 ०
    ᫨  CPL > IOPL,   ࠧ襭 -뢮  -
᪠ -뢮   ⮢ .
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
     ࠧ襭 -뢮  ᪠ -뢮  
  ⮢  . ⠫ ᪫⥫ 樨 ⠪ ,
   ADD.


			    - 297 -
	ͻ
	OUTSB/OUTSW/OUTSD	     뢮 ப 
	ͼ
			     ଠ
			       Ŀ
			        0110111W 
			       

			    㭪
	PORT DX     SOURCE		 뢮 
	IF (ADRESS SIZE = 32) THEN	   -
					  ࠭
	ADYUST EST
ELSE
	ADYUST SI			 address size = 16
					 (ࠧ )
			    ᠭ
    뢮 ࠭  "ப " - 筨  ,  -
塞 ॣ஬ DX, ࠧ㬥,  ப-筨 -
  ᨢ	⮢, ᫮   ᫮ - ( ᨬ 
ࠧ ࠭  ப ). ᫥ ⮣,  뢮  ᤥ
	筨  ⮬᪨    (㢥稢  
㬥蠥 ᮣ᭮ DF)  稭, ࠢ ࠧ ࠭.
    ᫨ ࠧ   -  ᫮,  ࠭ "-
-筨" - [ESI]. , ࠭ [SI].  㧪  ࠢ쭮
祭  ந । 믮 OUTS.
ਬ
    OUTSD			   뢮  ᫮   DX

    REP  OUTSD			   ७ OUTS   ,-
				     "" ECX
				   (. . 457)
.. ॣ  筨   㦥  믮-
 ⮩ ,  OUTSD/W/D  砥  横  -
  ᪮쪨 樨.
६ ࠪ⨪
 ०
 ७		   14 ;   0,7   20 
 ७ﬨ		   12+5n ; (0,6 + 0,25n)   20 
饭 ०	 CPL < IOPL
 ७	   8 ;       0,4   20 
 ७ﬨ	   6+5n;       (0,3 + 0,25 n)   20 
饭 ०	 CPL > IOPL
 ७	   28 ;      1,4   20 
 ७ﬨ	   26 + 5n ; (1,3 + 0,25n)   20 
 "㠫 8086"
 ७	   28 ;      1,4   20 
 ७ﬨ	   26 + Sn TI; (1,3 + 0,25n)   20 
		   (n - ᫮ 믮塞 権)

     ⠭.
ᯮ⥫ 樨  ॠ쭮 ०
     ,    ADD.
ᯮ⥫ 樨  饭 ०
    ᫨  CPL > IOPL,   ࠧ襭 -뢮  -
 -뢮  ᥬ ⮢  ⠬.  ⠫  ᪫-
⥫ 樨 - ⠪ ,    ADD.
᪫⥫ 樨  ० "㠫 8086"
      ࠧ襭 -뢮   -뢮 
ᥬ ⮢ ⠬. ⠫ ᪫⥫ 樨 ⠪ ,
   ADD.
